Umar Sheikh A, Dong Bo, Nihal Minakshi, Chang Hao
Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.
William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, United States.
Front Oncol. 2022 Dec 23;12:1096134. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1096134. eCollection 2022.
Frizzled (FZD) proteins are receptors for the WNT family ligands. Inherited human diseases and genetic experiments using knockout mice have revealed a central role of FZDs in multiple aspects of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis. Misregulated FZD signaling has also been found in many cancers. Recent studies on three out of the ten mammalian FZDs in melanoma have shown that they promote tumor cell proliferation and invasion, the activation of the canonical WNT/β-catenin or non-canonical PCP signaling pathway. In this concise review, we summarize our current knowledge of individual FZDs in melanoma, discuss the involvement of both the canonical and non-canonical pathways, and describe ongoing efforts to target the FZD receptors for melanoma treatment.
卷曲蛋白（FZD）是WNT家族配体的受体。人类遗传性疾病以及使用基因敲除小鼠进行的遗传学实验表明，FZD在胚胎发育和组织稳态的多个方面发挥着核心作用。在许多癌症中也发现了FZD信号失调的情况。最近对黑色素瘤中十种哺乳动物FZD中的三种进行的研究表明，它们通过激活经典WNT/β-连环蛋白或非经典PCP信号通路来促进肿瘤细胞的增殖和侵袭。在这篇简要综述中，我们总结了目前对黑色素瘤中单个FZD的了解，讨论了经典和非经典信号通路的参与情况，并描述了针对FZD受体进行黑色素瘤治疗的正在进行的努力。
