Selvaraj Ramaneshwar, Selvamani Tharun Yadhav, Zahra Anam, Malla Jyothirmai, Dhanoa Ravneet K, Venugopal Sathish, Shoukrie Shoukrie I, Hamouda Ranim K, Hamid Pousette
Family Medicine/Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
General Surgery, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA.
Cureus. 2022 Dec 9;14(12):e32359. doi: 10.7759/cureus.32359. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Depression being the psychiatric condition with the highest societal costs in industrialized nations, it is necessary to collect research information on the role of nutrition in depression in order to provide recommendations and guide future health treatment. Observance of healthy dietary practices has been linked to decreased depression symptoms; however, it is unknown whether this is attributable to some or all of the components. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review of observational and systematic studies analyzing the association between dietary habits and depression in adolescents, adults, and older people. A variety of noncommunicable chronic illnesses and deaths have been linked to dietary and other lifestyle factors such as physical inactivity, cigarette use, and alcohol use. Several studies have found that older people are more likely to be malnourished and depressed, which can hurt their overall health and well-being. Early in life, proper nutrition is suggested as a factor that may have a significant impact on one's mental health. It is critical to identify changes in primary care practices in order to improve the quality of life and prevent complications. The systematic review included papers presenting human studies and published in English until January 2021, analyzing the association between dietary habits and mental health, while we studied a group of people of mixed ages. We included three systematic reviews, three cross-sectional studies, two cohorts, and one meta-analysis. According to the findings of our systematic review of observational studies, observational evidence suggests that both following a healthy diet, in particular incorporating vegetables and fruits, and avoiding a pro-inflammatory diet like junk foods, fast foods, and high meat intake may lower the risk of developing depressive symptoms or clinical depression. As a result, we recommend that the relationship between diet and depression should be investigated in prospective cohorts and randomized controlled studies that are well-designed and have more conclusive evidence regarding dietary involvement and depression.
抑郁症是工业化国家中社会成本最高的精神疾病，因此有必要收集有关营养在抑郁症中作用的研究信息，以便提供建议并指导未来的健康治疗。遵循健康的饮食习惯与抑郁症状的减轻有关；然而，尚不清楚这是否归因于某些或所有成分。本研究的目的是对观察性和系统性研究进行系统综述，分析青少年、成年人和老年人的饮食习惯与抑郁症之间的关联。多种非传染性慢性病和死亡与饮食及其他生活方式因素有关，如身体活动不足、吸烟和饮酒。几项研究发现，老年人更容易营养不良和抑郁，这会损害他们的整体健康和幸福感。在生命早期，适当的营养被认为是可能对一个人的心理健康产生重大影响的因素。确定初级保健实践中的变化对于提高生活质量和预防并发症至关重要。该系统综述纳入了截至2021年1月发表的关于人类研究的英文论文，分析饮食习惯与心理健康之间的关联，而我们研究的是一组年龄混合的人群。我们纳入了三项系统综述、三项横断面研究、两项队列研究和一项荟萃分析。根据我们对观察性研究的系统综述结果，观察性证据表明，遵循健康饮食，特别是摄入蔬菜和水果，以及避免食用垃圾食品、快餐等高炎症性饮食和高肉类摄入量，可能会降低出现抑郁症状或临床抑郁症的风险。因此，我们建议在前瞻性队列研究和设计良好的随机对照研究中调查饮食与抑郁症之间的关系，这些研究应就饮食参与和抑郁症提供更确凿的证据。
