Gerschwitz-Eidt Michael A, Dillenberger Markus S, Kadereit Joachim W
Institut für Organismische und Molekulare Evolutionsbiologie, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz Germany.
Institut für Biologie, AG Systematische Botanik und Pflanzengeographie, Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany.
Ecol Evol. 2023 Jan 9;13(1):e9728. doi: 10.1002/ece3.9728. eCollection 2023 Jan.
section subsection is a lineage of 12 species distributed mainly in the European Alps. It is unusual in terms of ecological diversification by containing both high elevation species from exposed alpine habitats and low elevation species from shady habitats such as overhanging rocks and cave entrances. Our aims are to explore which of these habitat types is ancestral, and to identify the possible drivers of this remarkable ecological diversification. Using a Hybseq DNA-sequencing approach and a complete species sample we reconstructed and dated the phylogeny of subsection . Using Landolt indicator values, this phylogenetic tree was used for the reconstruction of the evolution of temperature, light and soil pH requirements in this lineage. Diversification of subsection started in the late Pliocene and continued through the Pleistocene. Both diversification among and within clades was largely allopatric, and species from shady habitats with low light requirements are distributed in well-known refugia. We hypothesize that low light requirements evolved when species persisting in cold-stage refugia were forced into marginal habitats by more competitive warm-stage vegetation. While we do not claim that such competition resulted in speciation, it very likely resulted in adaptive evolution.
subsection是一个由12个物种组成的谱系，主要分布在欧洲阿尔卑斯山。就生态多样性而言，它很不寻常，因为它既包含来自暴露高山栖息地的高海拔物种，也包含来自阴暗栖息地（如悬崖和洞穴入口）的低海拔物种。我们的目标是探究这些栖息地类型中哪一种是原始的，并确定这种显著的生态多样性的可能驱动因素。我们使用Hybseq DNA测序方法和完整的物种样本，重建了subsection的系统发育并确定了其年代。利用Landolt指标值，这棵系统发育树被用于重建该谱系中温度、光照和土壤pH值需求的进化过程。subsection的多样化始于上新世晚期，并持续到更新世。分支间和分支内的多样化在很大程度上都是异域性的，来自低光照需求的阴暗栖息地的物种分布在著名的避难所中。我们假设，当在寒冷阶段避难所中生存的物种被更具竞争力的温暖阶段植被逼入边缘栖息地时，低光照需求就进化出来了。虽然我们并不认为这种竞争导致了物种形成，但它很可能导致了适应性进化。
