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物种在小麦(L.)根际中的优势及其在盐胁迫条件下的植物生长促进潜力。

Dominance of species in the wheat ( L.) rhizosphere and their plant growth promoting potential under salt stress conditions.

机构信息

Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.

Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan.

出版信息

PeerJ. 2023 Jan 9;11:e14621. doi: 10.7717/peerj.14621. eCollection 2023.

Abstract

Wheat ( L.) is a major source of calorific intake in its various forms and is considered one of the most important staple foods. Improved wheat productivity can contribute substantially to addressing food security in the coming decades. Soil salinity is the most serious limiting factor in crop production and fertilizer use efficiency. In this study, 11 bacteria were isolated from wheat rhizosphere and examined for salt tolerance ability. WGT1, WGT2, WGT3, WGT6, WGT8, and WGT11 were able to tolerate NaCl salinity up to 4%. Bacterial isolates were characterized for plant growth-promoting properties including indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) production, phosphate solubilization, nitrogen fixation, zinc solubilization, biofilm formation, and cellulase-pectinase production. Six isolates, WGT1, WGT3, WGT4, WGT6, WGT8, and WGT9 showed IAA production ability ranging from 0.7-6 µg m/L. WGT8 displayed the highest IAA production. Five isolates, WGT1, WGT2, WGT5, WGT10, and WGT11, demonstrated phosphate solubilization ranging from 1.4-12.3 µg m/L. WGT2 showed the highest phosphate solubilization. Nitrogen fixation was shown by only two isolates, WGT1 and WGT8. Zinc solubilization was shown by WGT1 and WGT11 on minimal media. All isolates showed biofilm formation ability, where WGT4 exhibited maximum potential. Cellulase production ability was noticed in WGT1, WGT2, WGT4, and WGT5, while pectinase production was observed in WGT2 and WGT3. Phylogenetic identification of potential bacteria isolates confirmed their close relationship with various species of the genus . WGT1, WGT2, and WGT3 showed the highest similarity with , WGT6 with , WGT8 with , and WGT11 with . Biofertilizer characteristics of salt-tolerant potential rhizospheric bacteria were evaluated by inoculating wheat plants under controlled conditions and field experiments. WGT1 and WGT11 displayed the maximum potential to increase plant growth parameters and enhance grain yield by 37% and 31%, respectively. Potential bacteria of this study can tolerate salt stress, have the ability to produce plant growth promoting substances under salt stress and contribute significantly to enhance wheat grain yield. These bacterial isolates have the potential to be used as biofertilizers for improved wheat production under salinity conditions and contribute to the sustainable agriculture.

摘要

小麦( L.)是各种形式的热量摄入的主要来源,被认为是最重要的主食之一。提高小麦生产力可以在未来几十年为解决粮食安全问题做出重大贡献。土壤盐度是作物生产和肥料利用效率的最严重限制因素。在这项研究中,从小麦根际中分离出 11 种细菌,并对其耐盐能力进行了研究。WGT1、WGT2、WGT3、WGT6、WGT8 和 WGT11 能够耐受高达 4%的 NaCl 盐度。对细菌分离物进行了植物生长促进特性的表征,包括吲哚-3-乙酸(IAA)的产生、磷酸盐的溶解、固氮、锌的溶解、生物膜的形成以及纤维素酶-果胶酶的产生。六种分离物,WGT1、WGT3、WGT4、WGT6、WGT8 和 WGT9 表现出 0.7-6 µg m/L 的 IAA 产生能力。WGT8 表现出最高的 IAA 产生能力。五种分离物,WGT1、WGT2、WGT5、WGT10 和 WGT11 表现出 1.4-12.3 µg m/L 的磷酸盐溶解能力。WGT2 表现出最高的磷酸盐溶解能力。只有两种分离物,WGT1 和 WGT8 表现出固氮能力。在最小培养基上,WGT1 和 WGT11 表现出锌的溶解能力。所有分离物都表现出生物膜形成能力,其中 WGT4 表现出最大的潜力。在 WGT1、WGT2、WGT4 和 WGT5 中观察到纤维素酶产生能力,而在 WGT2 和 WGT3 中观察到果胶酶产生能力。潜在细菌分离物的系统发育鉴定证实了它们与属的各种种密切相关。WGT1、WGT2 和 WGT3 与 表现出最高的相似性,WGT6 与 表现出最高的相似性,WGT8 与 表现出最高的相似性,WGT11 与 表现出最高的相似性。在受控条件和田间试验下,接种小麦植物评估了耐盐潜在根际细菌的生物肥料特性。WGT1 和 WGT11 表现出最大的潜力,可分别将植物生长参数提高 37%和 31%,并提高谷物产量。本研究中的潜在细菌能够耐受盐胁迫,在盐胁迫下具有产生植物生长促进物质的能力,并显著有助于提高小麦籽粒产量。这些细菌分离物具有在盐胁迫条件下作为生物肥料提高小麦产量的潜力,并有助于可持续农业的发展。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d4cd/9835707/78bfc2a85a72/peerj-11-14621-g001.jpg

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