Hussain Syed-Rehan A, Grayson Mitchell H
Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital - The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.
Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
Fac Rev. 2022 Dec 15;11:37. doi: 10.12703/r/11-37. eCollection 2022.
Allergic diseases in general, and chronic allergic inflammation in particular, are on the rise in the United States and other developed countries. The idea of chronic allergic disease as a chronic type 2 immune response has been around for several decades. However, data suggest that other mechanisms may be important in chronic disease. Therefore, we believe it is time for a paradigm shift in understanding the mechanistic causes of disease symptoms in these diseases. In this review, we have avoided the classic canonical pathways and focused on the emerging idea that oxidative stress, changes in immuno-metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and epigenetic changes (particularly microRNA profile) may be working concurrently or synergistically to potentiate allergic disease symptoms. Furthermore, we have addressed how the epidemic of obesity exacerbates allergic disease via the dysregulation of the aforementioned factors.
总体而言，过敏性疾病，尤其是慢性过敏性炎症，在美国和其他发达国家呈上升趋势。慢性过敏性疾病作为一种慢性2型免疫反应的观点已经存在了几十年。然而，数据表明其他机制在慢性疾病中可能也很重要。因此，我们认为现在是时候在理解这些疾病症状的机制性原因方面进行范式转变了。在这篇综述中，我们避开了经典的规范途径，重点关注了一个新出现的观点，即氧化应激、免疫代谢变化、线粒体功能障碍和表观遗传变化（特别是微小RNA谱）可能同时或协同作用，增强过敏性疾病症状。此外，我们还探讨了肥胖流行如何通过上述因素的失调加剧过敏性疾病。
