School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 1954 Huashan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China; State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Environ Pollut. 2023 Mar 1;320:121024. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121024. Epub 2023 Jan 14.
Triazole is widely used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and fungicides. However, triazole organic compounds are often a source of toxicity in the water environment due to the presence of chlorobenzene. This study reported on the occurrence and distribution of 15 TrOCs in the surface waters of estuaries and the East China sea, and identified the influences of TrOCs originating from the estuarine environment on the ocean. The results showed that the total concentrations of ∑TrOCs in the surface water of estuaries along the coasts of Jiangsu (JS), Zhejiang (ZJ), and Shanghai (SH), China ranged from 0.020 to 104 ng L (7.49 ± 18.2 ng L), whereas they ranged from 0.235 to 1.25 ng L (mean 0.711 ± 0.235 ng L) in the East China sea. Difenoconazole and tebuconazole were the dominant TrOCs in the estuaries, whereas fenbuconazole and hexaconazole dominated in the ocean. TrOCs in surface water of estuaries showed a continuous spatial distribution and presented regional characteristics mainly related to agricultural activities. In contrast, TrOCs in the East China Sea showed a low spatial variation and dispersion, which may be related to complex disturbance by currents and dilution. The low levels of estuarine TrOCs measured in SH estuaries (<0.5 ng L) indicates that the Yangtze River may only pose a low-level TrOC contamination risk to the East China Sea. Moreover, estuary transport in the estuaries of ZJ may have influenced the occurrence of TrOCs in the offshore East China Sea area, although they may have also undergone a filter process in the estuary turbid zone; whereas it had little influence on the open sea. This study can act as a critical reference for the presence of TrOCs in surface water both estuaries and the ocean.
三唑类化合物广泛应用于医药、农药和杀真菌剂的合成。然而，由于氯苯的存在，三唑类有机化合物往往是水环境中毒性的来源。本研究报道了 15 种三唑类有机污染物（TrOCs）在河口和东海表层水中的存在和分布情况，并确定了河口环境中三唑类有机污染物对海洋的影响。结果表明，中国江苏（JS）、浙江（ZJ）和上海（SH）沿海河口表层水中的∑TrOCs 浓度范围为 0.020 至 104 ng/L（7.49±18.2 ng/L），而东海表层水中的浓度范围为 0.235 至 1.25 ng/L（平均值为 0.711±0.235 ng/L）。在河口地区，苯醚甲环唑和戊唑醇是主要的三唑类有机污染物，而在海洋中，苯醚甲环唑和己唑醇占主导地位。河口表层水中的三唑类有机污染物呈现连续的空间分布，并表现出主要与农业活动相关的区域性特征。相比之下，东海的三唑类有机污染物的空间变化和分散程度较低，这可能与复杂的海流干扰和稀释有关。在 SH 河口测量到的低水平的河口三唑类有机污染物（<0.5 ng/L）表明，长江对东海可能只构成低水平的三唑类有机污染物污染风险。此外，ZJ 河口的河口输送可能影响了东海近海地区三唑类有机污染物的发生，尽管它们在河口浑浊带中可能也经历了过滤过程；但对开阔海域的影响较小。本研究可以为河口和海洋表层水中三唑类有机污染物的存在提供重要参考。
