Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory for Polar Science, Polar Research Institute of China, 451 Jinqiao Road, Shanghai, 200136, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Aqueous Typical Pollutants Control and Water Quality Safeguard, School of Environment, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
Environ Pollut. 2024 Mar 1;344:123302. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123302. Epub 2024 Jan 6.
Pyrethroid insecticides are the most commonly used household insecticides and pose substantial risks to marine aquatic organisms. many studies have detected pyrethroid insecticides in the waters and estuaries of the western United States, but their distributions within western Pacific estuaries have not been reported. Accordingly, we used high-throughput organic analyses combined with high volume solid-phase extraction to comprehensively assess 13 pyrethroid insecticides in East China Sea estuaries and the Huangpu River. The results demonstrated the presence of various ∑pyrethroid insecticides in East China Sea estuaries (mean and median values of 8.45 ± 5.57 and 7.78 ng L, respectively), among which cypermethrin was the primary contaminant. The concentrations of ∑pyrethroid insecticide detected in the surface waters at the Huangpu River (mean 6.7 ng L, outlet 16.4 ng L) were higher than those in the Shanghai estuary (4.7 ng L), suggesting that runoff from inland areas is a notable source of insecticides. Wetlands reduced the amount of runoff containing pyrethroid insecticides that reached the ocean. Several factors influenced pesticide distributions in East China Sea estuaries, and higher proportions were derived from agricultural sources than from urban sources, with a higher proportion of agricultural sources than urban sources, influenced by anthropogenic use in the region. Permethrin and cypermethrin were the main compounds contributing to the high ecological risk in the estuaries. Consequently, to prevent risks to marine aquatic life, policymakers should aim to reduce insecticide contaminants derived from urban and agricultural sources.
拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂是最常用的家用杀虫剂，对海洋水生生物构成了巨大的风险。许多研究在美国西部的水域和河口都检测到了拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂，但它们在西太平洋河口的分布情况尚未报道。因此，我们使用高通量有机分析结合大体积固相萃取，全面评估了东海河口和黄浦江中的 13 种拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂。结果表明，东海河口存在各种∑拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂（平均值和中位数分别为 8.45±5.57 和 7.78ng/L），其中氯菊酯是主要污染物。黄浦江表层水中∑拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的浓度（平均值 6.7ng/L，出口处 16.4ng/L）高于上海河口（4.7ng/L），表明内陆地区的径流水是杀虫剂的一个重要来源。湿地减少了到达海洋的含有拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂的径流水量。有几个因素影响了东海河口的农药分布，其中来自农业源的比例高于城市源，而来自农业源的比例又高于城市源，这是由于该地区人为使用的影响。氯菊酯和氯氰菊酯是造成河口高生态风险的主要化合物。因此，为了防止对海洋水生生物的风险，政策制定者应致力于减少城市和农业源的杀虫剂污染物。
