Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Forensic Toxicol. 2023 Jan;41(1):1-24. doi: 10.1007/s11419-022-00638-6. Epub 2022 Sep 14.
The present review aims to provide an overview of methods for the quantification of 2,5-dimethoxy-amphetamines and -phenethylamines in different biological matrices, both traditional and alternative ones.
A complete literature search was carried out with PubMed, Scopus and the World Wide Web using relevant keywords, e.g., designer drugs, amphetamines, phenethylamines, and biological matrices.
Synthetic phenethylamines represent one of the largest classes of "designer drugs", obtained through chemical structure modifications of psychoactive substances to increase their pharmacological activities. This practice is also favored by the fact that every new synthetic compound is not considered illegal by existing legislation. Generally, in a toxicological laboratory, the first monitoring of drugs of abuse is made by rapid screening tests that sometimes can occur in false positive or false negative results. To reduce evaluation errors, it is mandatory to submit the positive samples to confirmatory methods, such as gas chromatography or liquid chromatography combined to mass spectrometry, for a more specific qualitative and quantitative analysis.
This review highlights the great need for updated comprehensive analytical methods, particularly when analyzing biological matrices, both traditional and alternative ones, for the search of newly emerging designer drugs.
本综述旨在提供 2,5-二甲氧基苯丙胺和苯丙胺类物质在不同生物基质（传统和替代基质）中定量分析方法的概述。
通过使用相关关键字（例如“设计药物”、“苯丙胺”、“苯乙胺”和“生物基质”）在 PubMed、Scopus 和万维网中进行了全面的文献检索。
合成苯丙胺类物质是“设计药物”中最大的一类，通过对精神活性物质的化学结构进行修饰来获得，以提高其药理活性。这种做法也受到这样一个事实的青睐，即每一种新的合成化合物都不会被现有的立法视为非法。通常，在毒理学实验室中，对滥用药物的首次监测是通过快速筛选试验进行的，这些试验有时会出现假阳性或假阴性结果。为了减少评估错误，必须将阳性样本提交给确证方法，如气相色谱或液相色谱与质谱联用，以进行更具体的定性和定量分析。
本综述强调了对更新的综合分析方法的迫切需求，特别是在分析新兴设计药物时，无论是传统还是替代生物基质都需要这些方法。
