Department of Healthcare Epidemiology, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Section of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Community Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
J Gen Intern Med. 2023 Apr;38(5):1239-1247. doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08028-3. Epub 2023 Jan 18.
The burden of COVID-19 on healthcare workers (HCWs) is reported to be increasing, yet the psychometric scales now in use evaluate only single aspects; few measure the pandemic-specific burden on HCWs comprehensively.
To develop a scale to quantify the physical, mental, and socioeconomic burden of the COVID-19 pandemic on HCWs.
Scale development and cross-sectional survey.
Consenting HCWs aged ≥20.
Development of an item-list based on literature reviews and HCW panel input, evaluation of content validity and item selection using the Delphi method, psychometric testing conducted on HCWs, validity assessment by factor analyses and hypothesis verification, internal consistency evaluation by Cronbach's alpha, test-retest analysis, and interpretability assessment.
Through the Delphi process, a 29-item pilot scale was generated. In psychometric testing, data from 863 HCWs contributed to the development of the final version of this scale, called Pandemic Burden Index twenty for HCWs (PBI-20), a 20-item scale to measure six domains: fatigue, fear of infection, inadequacy as a medical professional, mental health concerns, prejudice or discrimination, and anxiety about one's livelihood and daily life. Factor analysis showed each factor corresponded to the six domains of this scale. Hypothesis verification showed the PBI-20 total score to be moderately to highly correlated with the Short Form 36 vitality score and mental health score and with intention of turnover. The PBI-20 had good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.92). Test-retest analysis showed the intraclass correlation coefficient to be 0.70 and the minimal important change to be -7.0.
The psychometrically sound questionnaire we developed to measure pandemic-specific burdens for HCWs provides an understanding of comprehensive burdens on HCWs and may serve to evaluate interventions to reduce the burdens.
据报道，COVID-19 给医护人员（HCWs）带来的负担正在增加，而目前使用的心理测量量表仅评估单一方面；很少有全面衡量 COVID-19 大流行对 HCWs 的特有负担。
开发一种量表来量化 COVID-19 大流行对 HCWs 的身体、心理和社会经济负担。
量表开发和横断面调查。
同意的年龄≥20 岁的 HCWs。
基于文献综述和 HCW 小组输入开发项目清单，使用 Delphi 方法评估内容有效性和项目选择，对 HCWs 进行心理测量测试，通过因子分析和假设验证进行有效性评估，通过 Cronbach's alpha 进行内部一致性评估，测试-重测分析和可解释性评估。
通过 Delphi 过程，生成了一个 29 项的初始量表。在心理测量测试中，来自 863 名 HCWs 的数据为该量表的最终版本（称为医护人员大流行负担指数 20 项，PBI-20）的开发做出了贡献，这是一个 20 项的量表，用于测量六个领域：疲劳、感染恐惧、作为医疗专业人员的不足、心理健康问题、偏见或歧视以及对生计和日常生活的焦虑。因子分析表明，每个因子都与该量表的六个领域相对应。假设验证表明，PBI-20 总分与简明健康量表活力和心理健康评分以及离职意向呈中度至高度相关。PBI-20 具有良好的内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha 0.92）。测试-重测分析表明，组内相关系数为 0.70，最小重要变化为-7.0。
我们开发的用于衡量 HCWs 特有负担的心理测量问卷具有良好的信度和效度，能够全面了解 HCWs 的负担，并可用于评估减轻负担的干预措施。
