Preuβel Karina, Albrecht Stefan, Offergeld Ruth
Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin, Germany.
Transfus Med Hemother. 2022 Jun 30;49(6):368-378. doi: 10.1159/000525007. eCollection 2022 Dec.
Undisclosed sexual infection risks are the main reasons for transfusion transmissible infections in German blood donors that have qualified for donation by donor health interviews and questionnaires. Until now, data about compliance with deferral criteria were only available from post-donation interviews with infected donors, and information about the proportion of donors which did not disclose (sexual) risks at the donor health questionnaire was not available.
A prospective nationwide anonymous online survey was conducted to investigate compliance of whole blood donors with deferral criteria for sexual infection risks. Twenty-one blood establishments which represent 80% of the regular whole blood-donor population invited all donors which donated blood during an 8-week period between January and March 2020.
14,882 participants completed the questionnaire. A relevant proportion of non-compliance was shown (3.0%, 95% CI: 2.7-3.3%) - with male donors being non-compliant significantly more frequently than females (3.5% vs. 2.2%, < 0.001). A quarter of the non-compliant men were MSM (0.9%, 95% CI: 0.7-1.1%). Non-compliance was strongly associated with the perception that questions about sexual risk exposures are too private. This is in line with the finding that a large proportion of donors (21%) refused to answer at least one question about sexual infection risks.
The presented data, collected for the first time, is suitable for assessing the impact of changes in the donor selection process. Donor's limited willingness to provide detailed information about sexual risk behaviour has to be kept in mind when further strategies for fair appraisal of individual sexual infection risks will be discussed.
未披露的性感染风险是德国献血者输血传播感染的主要原因，这些献血者通过献血者健康访谈和问卷符合献血资格。到目前为止，关于延期标准遵守情况的数据仅来自对感染献血者的献血后访谈，而关于在献血者健康问卷中未披露（性）风险的献血者比例的信息尚不可得。
进行了一项全国性的前瞻性匿名在线调查，以调查全血献血者对性感染风险延期标准的遵守情况。代表80%常规全血献血者群体的21个血液机构邀请了在2020年1月至3月的8周期间献血的所有献血者。
14882名参与者完成了问卷。显示出有相当比例的不遵守情况（3.0%，95%置信区间：2.7 - 3.3%），男性献血者不遵守的频率明显高于女性（3.5%对2.2%，<0.001）。四分之一的不遵守规定的男性是男男性行为者（0.9%，95%置信区间：0.7 - 1.1%）。不遵守与认为关于性风险暴露的问题过于私密的看法密切相关。这与很大比例的献血者（21%）拒绝回答至少一个关于性感染风险的问题这一发现一致。
首次收集到的这些数据适用于评估献血者选择过程变化的影响。在讨论公平评估个体性感染风险的进一步策略时，必须考虑到献血者提供性风险行为详细信息的意愿有限。
