Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, Roma 00161, Italy.
Department of Public Health and Infectious Disease, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale del Policlinico 155, Roma 00161, Italy.
Asian J Androl. 2023 Sep 1;25(5):572-577. doi: 10.4103/aja202297. Epub 2023 Jan 17.
After a huge decline in sperm concentration between 1938 and 1991 was reported, many researchers investigated the possibility of a worsening of human sperm quality. Despite massive efforts, published evidence is still controversial. Similarly, the role of lifestyle factors on semen parameters is debated. We conducted a monocentric Italian study to evaluate the total sperm number trend over the last 10 years (from 2010 to 2019). Additionally, we evaluated the association between lifestyle factors and total sperm number in order to identify possible damaging factors. We performed a retrospective study analyzing subjects aged 18-55 years who had their semen analyzed between 2010 and 2019. A total of 3329 subjects were included: 1655 subjects referred to our department (Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Roma, Italy) for idiopathic infertility and 1674 subjects referred for preconceptional or andrological screening with no confirmed andrological diseases. Semen samples were examined according to World Health Organization (WHO) 2010 criteria by two seminologists with the same training and the same equipment. For statistical evaluations, only total sperm number (×10 6 per ejaculate) was taken into consideration. We detected no significant changes in mean total sperm number during the last decade, in either the entire population or the two subgroups (infertile group and control group). In a multivariate analysis total sperm number was significantly associated with the history of infertility, body mass index (BMI) and cigarette smoking. Our results suggest that infertile men are "vulnerable" subjects, particularly susceptible to several negative factors, many of which still remain unknown. Our study highlights the need for studies addressing men's lifestyle in order to find and reduce deleterious agents.
在 1938 年至 1991 年间精子浓度大幅下降后，许多研究人员调查了人类精子质量恶化的可能性。尽管进行了大量努力，但已发表的证据仍存在争议。同样，生活方式因素对精液参数的作用也存在争议。我们进行了一项意大利单中心研究，以评估过去 10 年（2010 年至 2019 年）总精子数的趋势。此外，我们评估了生活方式因素与总精子数之间的关联，以确定可能的有害因素。我们进行了一项回顾性研究，分析了 2010 年至 2019 年间精液分析的 18-55 岁受试者。共纳入 3329 名受试者：1655 名受试者因特发性不育就诊于我们的科室（罗马萨皮恩扎大学实验医学系，意大利罗马），1674 名受试者因孕前或男科筛查就诊，无明确的男科疾病。精液样本按照世界卫生组织（WHO）2010 年的标准，由两名具有相同培训和相同设备的男科医生进行检查。对于统计学评估，仅考虑总精子数（每次射精×10 6）。在过去的十年中，我们在整个人群或两个亚组（不育组和对照组）中都没有发现平均总精子数的显著变化。在多变量分析中，总精子数与不育史、体重指数（BMI）和吸烟显著相关。我们的结果表明，不育男性是“脆弱”的受试者，特别容易受到多种未知的负面因素的影响。我们的研究强调了需要研究男性的生活方式，以发现和减少有害因素。
