Carlini Nicholas A, Romanowski Spencer, Rabalais Emily N, Kistler Brandon M, Campbell Marilyn S, Krishnakumar I M, Harber Matthew P, Fleenor Bradley S
Clinical Exercise Physiology, Human Performance Laboratory, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States.
Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana, United States.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2023 Mar 1;134(3):508-514. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00394.2022. Epub 2023 Jan 19.
Nutraceutical-based interventions hold promise to reduce blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness, which are two cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. However, the effects of coconut sap powder (CSP), an Asian sweetener and novel nutraceutical, on BP and arterial stiffness in middle-aged and older adults (MA/O, ≥45 yr) has yet to be established. We hypothesized CSP will decrease BP and arterial stiffness in MA/O adults. In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study design, 19 (age 55.3 ± 2.1 yr) MA/O adults completed measures of brachial and carotid BP, and arterial stiffness [carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), common carotid artery (CCA) β-stiffness, compliance, distensibility, and Young's and Peterson's Elastic moduli] before and after 8 wk of CSP (1.5 g/day) or placebo (1.5 g/day). A two-way repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to compare group mean differences. Compared with placebo, CSP lowered brachial systolic BP (SBP) (CSP pre: 117.4 ± 2.9 vs. post: 109.0 ± 2.4 mmHg, < 0.05), but not carotid SBP ( = 0.12). CSP also lowered Young's (CSP pre: 5,514.4 ± 1,115.4 vs. post: 3,690.6 ± 430.9 kPa) and Peterson's elastic moduli (CSP pre: 22.2 ± 4.4 vs. post: 19.2 ± 4.5 kPa) ( < 0.05, both). A trend for CSP to lower CCA β-stiffness ( = 0.06) and increase CCA compliance ( = 0.07) was also observed. Arterial stiffness assessed by cfPWV did not change ( > 0.05). No inflammatory or antioxidant biomarkers were affected by CSP. In summary, 8 wk of CSP lowers brachial SBP and CCA mechanical stiffness indicating a potential cardioprotective effect in MA/O adults. Blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness are important predictors of cardiovascular health with aging. Nutraceuticals are an easy-to-implement lifestyle strategy demonstrating promise to effectively lower BP and arterial stiffness with aging and ultimately cardiovascular disease risk. We demonstrate that coconut sap powder (CSP), a traditional Asian sweetener, lowers brachial systolic BP and carotid artery mechanical stiffness in middle-aged and older (MA/O) adults. These findings provide initial evidence for the CSP-related cardioprotective effects in MA/O adults.
基于营养保健品的干预措施有望降低血压（BP）和动脉僵硬度，而这两者都是心血管疾病（CVD）的风险因素。然而，椰子树汁粉（CSP）这种亚洲甜味剂和新型营养保健品对中老年（MA/O，≥45岁）成年人的血压和动脉僵硬度的影响尚未明确。我们假设CSP会降低MA/O成年人的血压和动脉僵硬度。在一项双盲、随机、安慰剂对照的研究设计中，19名（年龄55.3±2.1岁）MA/O成年人在服用CSP（1.5克/天）或安慰剂（1.5克/天）8周前后，完成了肱动脉和颈动脉血压以及动脉僵硬度[颈股脉搏波速度（cfPWV）、颈总动脉（CCA）β僵硬度、顺应性、扩张性以及杨氏模量和彼得森弹性模量]的测量。采用双向重复测量方差分析来比较组间均值差异。与安慰剂相比，CSP降低了肱动脉收缩压（SBP）（CSP服用前：117.4±2.9 vs. 服用后：109.0±2.4 mmHg，P<0.05），但未降低颈动脉SBP（P = 0.12）。CSP还降低了杨氏模量（CSP服用前：5514.4±1115.4 vs. 服用后：3690.6±430.9 kPa）和彼得森弹性模量（CSP服用前：22.2±4.4 vs. 服用后：19.2±4.5 kPa）（两者P<0.05）。还观察到CSP有降低CCAβ僵硬度（P = 0.06）和增加CCA顺应性（P = 0.07）的趋势。通过cfPWV评估的动脉僵硬度没有变化（P>0.05）。CSP未影响任何炎症或抗氧化生物标志物。总之，8周的CSP降低了肱动脉SBP和CCA机械僵硬度，表明对MA/O成年人有潜在的心脏保护作用。血压（BP）和动脉僵硬度是心血管健康随年龄增长的重要预测指标。营养保健品是一种易于实施的生活方式策略，有望有效降低随年龄增长的血压和动脉僵硬度，并最终降低心血管疾病风险。我们证明，传统亚洲甜味剂椰子树汁粉（CSP）可降低中老年（MA/O）成年人的肱动脉收缩压和颈动脉机械僵硬度。这些发现为CSP对MA/O成年人的心脏保护作用提供了初步证据。
