Department of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Nutrition Translation, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Department of Psychiatry, Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, China.
J Affect Disord. 2023 Mar 15;325:588-595. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.01.050. Epub 2023 Jan 16.
Stressful life events (SLEs) are high-risk factors for subthreshold depressive symptoms (SDS) and major depressive disorder (MDD). This study sought to assess the association of SLEs with SDS and MDD, with a focus on gender effects.
A total of 4132 participants were recruited from 34 primary health care settings. The Stressful Life Events Screening Questionnaire (SLESQ) was used to measure SLEs that participants had experienced in the past time. The Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess SDS, and the Mini-International Neuropsychiatry Interview (MINI) depression module was used to assess the diagnosis of MDD by trained psychiatrists.
In our sample (N = 4132), exposure to any SLEs was more common in individuals with SDS and MDD than in non-depressed population, and the proportion of emotional abuse was relatively high (SDS: 10.6 %; MDD: 33.9 %). After adjusting for control variables, people who experienced SLEs were at a higher risk of SDS and MDD. For males, those experiencing only one event were not at a higher risk of SDS (P = 0.061). For individuals who had experienced multiple SLEs, the association between SLEs and SDS was stronger in females than males. However, the association between SLEs and MDD was stronger in males than females.
The cross-sectional study design and self-reported SLEs.
SLEs were associated with the increased risks of SDS and MDD. The associations of SLEs with SDS were more robust for females than males. In contrast, the association between SLEs and MDD was stronger in males than females.
生活应激事件（SLEs）是亚临床抑郁症状（SDS）和重性抑郁障碍（MDD）的高危因素。本研究旨在评估 SLEs 与 SDS 和 MDD 的关联，并重点关注性别效应。
共有 4132 名参与者来自 34 个基层医疗保健场所。采用生活应激事件筛查问卷（SLESQ）来衡量参与者过去经历的 SLEs。采用患者健康问卷 9（PHQ-9）来评估 SDS，采用经过培训的精神科医生使用迷你国际神经精神访谈（MINI）抑郁模块来评估 MDD 的诊断。
在我们的样本中（N=4132），SDS 和 MDD 患者经历任何 SLEs 的比例均高于非抑郁人群，且情感虐待的比例相对较高（SDS：10.6%；MDD：33.9%）。在调整了控制变量后，经历 SLEs 的人患 SDS 和 MDD 的风险更高。对于男性，仅经历一次事件并不会增加 SDS 的患病风险（P=0.061）。对于经历过多次 SLEs 的个体，SLEs 与 SDS 之间的关联在女性中比男性更强。然而，SLEs 与 MDD 之间的关联在男性中比女性更强。
横断面研究设计和自我报告的 SLEs。
SLEs 与 SDS 和 MDD 的患病风险增加相关。SLEs 与 SDS 之间的关联在女性中比男性更强。相比之下，SLEs 与 MDD 之间的关联在男性中比女性更强。
