英国医学院临床同理心培训调查。
A survey of clinical empathy training at UK medical schools.
机构信息
Stoneygate Centre for Empathic Healthcare, Leicester Medical School, George Davies Centre, University of Leicester, University Road, LE1 7RH, Leicester, England.
Leicester Medical School, College of Life Sciences University of Leicester, George Davies Centre, LE1 7RH, Leicester, England.
出版信息
BMC Med Educ. 2023 Jan 19;23(1):40. doi: 10.1186/s12909-022-03993-5.
BACKGROUND
The benefits of enhancing practitioner empathy include better patient outcomes and improved job satisfaction for practitioners. Evidence suggests empathy can be taught and empathy is listed as an outcome for graduates in the General Medical Council requirements. Despite this, empathy training is not mandatory on medical school curricula and the extent to which medical students are given empathy-specific training is unknown.
AIM
To conduct a survey of empathy training currently offered to medical students in UK medical schools.
METHODS
An invitation to participate in an online survey was sent to all UK medical schools (n = 40). The survey was developed through a consultancy and pilot process to ensure validity and reliability. Questions explored what empathy-focused training is offered, and asked educators whether or not they believed that current provision of empathy training is sufficient. In parallel, medical school websites were searched to identify what information regarding empathy-focused training is described as being part of the degree course. Descriptive statistics were used to describe empathy training delivery from the results of the online materials survey and closed survey questions. Thematic analysis was used to explore free text comments.
RESULTS
Response rate was 70% (28/40), with 28 medical schools included in the analysis. Twenty-six schools reported that their undergraduate curriculum included some form of empathy-focused training with variation in what, when and how this is delivered. Thematic analysis revealed two overarching themes with associated sub-themes: (i) empathy-focused training and development (considering where, when and how empathy training should be integrated); (ii) challenges presented by including empathy on the curriculum (considering the system, students and faculty). All schools agreed empathy training should be on the undergraduate curriculum.
CONCLUSION
This is the first nationwide survey of empathy-focused training at UK medical schools. While some form of empathy-focused training appears to be provided on the undergraduate curriculum at most UK medical schools, empathy is rarely specifically assessed. Most medical educators do not feel their school does enough to promote empathy and the majority would like to offer more.
背景
提高从业者同理心的好处包括改善患者结局和提高从业者的工作满意度。有证据表明同理心可以被教授，同理心也被列为英国医学总会要求的毕业生的一项成果。尽管如此，同理心培训并非医学院课程的必修课，医学生接受的同理心专项培训的程度尚不清楚。
目的
调查英国医学院目前为医学生提供的同理心培训。
方法
向所有英国医学院（n=40）发送了参加在线调查的邀请。该调查通过咨询和试点过程进行开发，以确保其有效性和可靠性。问题探讨了提供了哪些以同理心为重点的培训，并且询问教育工作者他们是否认为目前提供同理心培训的程度是否足够。同时，还搜索了医学院的网站，以确定有关以同理心为重点的培训的哪些信息被描述为学位课程的一部分。在线材料调查和封闭式调查问题的结果使用描述性统计进行描述。使用主题分析来探索自由文本评论。
结果
回应率为 70%（28/40），28 所医学院纳入分析。26 所学校报告说，他们的本科课程包括某种形式的以同理心为重点的培训，但在培训的内容、时间和方式上存在差异。主题分析揭示了两个总体主题及其相关子主题：（i）以同理心为重点的培训和发展（考虑同理心培训应该在哪里、何时以及如何整合）；（ii）在课程中纳入同理心所面临的挑战（考虑系统、学生和教师）。所有学校都同意同理心培训应该纳入本科课程。
结论
这是英国医学院以同理心为重点的培训的首次全国性调查。虽然大多数英国医学院的本科课程似乎提供了某种形式的以同理心为重点的培训，但同理心很少被专门评估。大多数医学教育工作者认为他们的学校在促进同理心方面做得不够，大多数人希望提供更多。
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