Sun Dayu, Gong Linji, Xie Jing, Gu Xianliang, Li Yijian, Cao Qinglin, Li Qiyou, A Luodan, Gu Zhanjun, Xu Haiwei
Department of Physiology, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Southwest Hospital/Southwest Eye Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; Key Laboratory of Visual Damage and Regeneration & Restoration of Chongqing, Chongqing 400038, China.
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Sci Bull (Beijing). 2018 Jul 30;63(14):907-916. doi: 10.1016/j.scib.2018.05.037. Epub 2018 Jun 8.
The human cornea is exposed directly to particulate matter (PM) in polluted air. This exposure can cause eye discomfort and corneal injury. Ultrafine PM (diameter <100 nm) is thought to be particularly harmful to health, but there is limited research investigating its toxicity to the eye. In this study, we evaluated toxicity differences among 30-, 40-, 100- and 150-nm silicon dioxide nanoparticles (SiO NPs) on the cornea. A 24-hour in vitro exposure of primary human corneal epithelial cells (hCECs) to ultrafine (30 and 40 nm) SiO NPs produced toxicity, as evidenced by cell membrane damage, reduced cell viability, increased cell death and mitochondrial dysfunction. In vivo exposure to the same nanoparticles produced observable corneal injury. These effects were more severe with ultrafine than with fine (100 and 150 nm) SiO NPs. Common antioxidant compounds, e.g., glutathione, did not protect the cornea from SiO NP-induced damage. However, foetal bovine serum (FBS) did significantly reduce toxicity, likely by forming a protective protein corona around the nanoparticles. This finding suggests that FBS (or its derivatives) may be a useful clinical therapy for corneal toxicity caused by ultrafine particulates.
人角膜直接暴露于污染空气中的颗粒物（PM）。这种暴露会导致眼部不适和角膜损伤。超细颗粒物（直径<100纳米）被认为对健康特别有害，但研究其对眼睛毒性的研究有限。在本研究中，我们评估了30纳米、40纳米、100纳米和150纳米二氧化硅纳米颗粒（SiO NPs）对角膜的毒性差异。原代人角膜上皮细胞（hCECs）体外暴露于超细（30和40纳米）SiO NPs 24小时产生了毒性，表现为细胞膜损伤、细胞活力降低、细胞死亡增加和线粒体功能障碍。体内暴露于相同的纳米颗粒会导致可观察到的角膜损伤。超细SiO NPs的这些影响比细颗粒（100和150纳米）更严重。常见的抗氧化化合物，如谷胱甘肽，并不能保护角膜免受SiO NP诱导的损伤。然而，胎牛血清（FBS）确实显著降低了毒性，可能是通过在纳米颗粒周围形成保护性蛋白质冠层。这一发现表明，FBS（或其衍生物）可能是治疗超细颗粒物引起的角膜毒性的一种有用的临床疗法。
