Department of Plant Science, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.
University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.
Theor Appl Genet. 2023 Jan;136(1):14. doi: 10.1007/s00122-023-04244-x. Epub 2023 Jan 20.
A reference study for breeders aiming at maximizing genetic gain in common bean. Depending on trait heritability and genetic architecture, conventional approaches may provide an advantage over other frameworks. Dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a nutrient dense legume that is consumed by developed and developing nations around the world. The progress to improve this crop has been quite steady. However, with the continued rise in global populations, there are demands to expedite genetic gains. Plant breeders have been at the forefront at increasing yields in the common bean. As breeding programs are both time-consuming and resource intensive, resource allocation must be carefully considered. To assist plant breeders, computer simulations can provide useful information that may then be applied to the real world. This study evaluated multiple breeding scenarios in the common bean and involved five selection strategies, three breeding frameworks, and four different parental population sizes. In addition, the breeding scenarios were implemented in three different traits: days to flowering, white mold tolerance, and seed yield. Results from the study reflect the complexity of breeding programs, with the optimal breeding scenario varying based on trait being selected. Relative genetic gains per cycle of up to 8.69% for seed yield could be obtained under the use of the optimal breeding scenario. Principal component analyses revealed similarity between strategies, where single seed descent and the modified pedigree method would often aggregate. As well, clusters in the direction of the Hamming distance eigenvector are a good indicator of poor performance in a strategy.
为希望在普通菜豆中最大化遗传增益的育种者提供的参考研究。根据性状遗传力和遗传结构，常规方法可能比其他框架具有优势。干豆（菜豆）是一种营养丰富的豆类，在世界各地的发达国家和发展中国家都有食用。这种作物的改良进展相当稳定。然而，随着全球人口的持续增长，人们要求加快遗传增益。植物育种者一直在提高普通菜豆的产量方面处于领先地位。由于育种计划既耗时又耗费资源，因此必须仔细考虑资源分配。为了帮助植物育种者，计算机模拟可以提供有用的信息，然后可以将这些信息应用于现实世界。本研究评估了普通菜豆中的多种育种方案，涉及五种选择策略、三种育种框架和四种不同的亲本群体规模。此外，这些育种方案在三个不同的性状中实施：开花天数、白霉耐性和种子产量。研究结果反映了育种计划的复杂性，最优的育种方案因所选择的性状而异。在使用最优育种方案的情况下，种子产量的每个周期相对遗传增益最高可达 8.69%。主成分分析显示策略之间具有相似性，其中单粒传代和改良系谱法通常会聚合。此外，沿哈明距离特征向量方向的聚类是策略性能不佳的良好指标。
