Wang Hao, Hu Qing, Liu Weiwei, Ma Liqun, Lv Zhiying, Qin Hongyu, Guo Jianbo
School of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
Engineering Technology Research Center for Embankment Safety and Disease Control, Ministry of Water Resources, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
Toxics. 2023 Jan 14;11(1):79. doi: 10.3390/toxics11010079.
More than two million people live on the floodplains along the middle and lower streams of the Yellow River. The rapid development of industry and agriculture on both sides of the Yellow River has caused serious pollution of the floodplain soil. Erosion by water has led to the destruction of the floodplain which has not only compressed people's living space but also resulted in a large amount of sediment containing heavy metals entering the river, aggravating water pollution. To further study the law governing the release of pollutants in soil, this work, based on field surveys of the Yellow River floodplain slopes from Wantan town to Liuyuankou, was focused on determining the failure mechanism and laws for the floodplain slope through the combination of a flume experiment and numerical calculations. The results showed that the floodplain slopes, composed of clay and silty sand, presented an interactive structure. Under the action of water erosion, the slope was first scoured to form a curved, suspended layer structure, and then the upper suspended layer toppled. The bank stability coefficient decreased by about 65% when the scour width increased from 0.07 m to 0.42 m, and the water content increased from 20% to 40%. For the failure characteristics, the angle of the failure surface was negatively correlated with the scour width, and the distance from the top failure surface to the bank edge was about 2.5 times that of the scour width.
黄河中下游沿岸的洪泛区居住着超过200万人。黄河两岸工农业的快速发展导致洪泛区土壤受到严重污染。水流侵蚀致使洪泛区遭到破坏，这不仅压缩了人们的生活空间，还导致大量含重金属的泥沙进入河流，加剧了水污染。为进一步研究土壤中污染物的释放规律，本研究基于对从万滩镇到柳园口的黄河洪泛区边坡的实地调查，通过水槽试验和数值计算相结合的方式，重点研究洪泛区边坡的破坏机制和规律。结果表明，由黏土和粉砂组成的洪泛区边坡呈现出一种相互作用的结构。在水流侵蚀作用下，边坡首先被冲刷形成弯曲的悬浮层结构，随后上部悬浮层倒塌。当冲刷宽度从0.07米增加到0.42米，含水量从20%增加到40%时，岸坡稳定系数下降了约65%。关于破坏特征，破坏面的角度与冲刷宽度呈负相关，破坏面顶部到岸坡边缘的距离约为冲刷宽度的2.5倍。
