School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
SKLLQG, Institute of Earth Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi'an, 710061, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2020 Jun 20;722:137861. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137861. Epub 2020 Mar 10.
To determine the water quality status of the primary tributaries in middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin, water collected from the confluence of the ten tributaries and some physical, chemical and biological parameters were analyzed, and then water quality index and health risk were evaluated. Of the ten main tributaries in the middle and lower reaches, only the Qingshui River had water of medium quality in the upper reaches, while all the other tributaries contributed water of poor quality. The Jindi and Dawen rivers in the lower reaches had the poorest water quality, especially the Jindi River. TP, TN, BOD, COD, TOC and coliform bacteria exceeded the national criteria by 155%, 1%, 97.5%, 35.5%, 114.2%, and 80%, respectively. Cluster analysis indicated that industrial, agricultural, and domestic sewage, along with industrial waste gas, were the main sources of pollution in these tributaries. An analysis of the bacterial community structure showed that the Jindi River was the most polluted and had the largest species diversity and richness of bacteria. Also, its number of pathogenic microorganisms was much higher than that of other areas, and the bacterial functional genes of related metabolic pathways were significantly enriched. This was in sharp contrast with that of the Qingshui River, which had the best water quality. We suggest more specifics policy should be taken for different tributaries, and poor water quality of Jindi and Dawen River should be further studied to explore the most suitable pollution control methods.
为了确定黄河中下游主要支流的水质状况，采集了十条支流的汇水处的水样，并分析了一些物理、化学和生物参数，然后对水质指数和健康风险进行了评估。在中下游的十大主要支流中，只有清水河在上游的水质为中等，而其他所有支流的水质都很差。在下游的金水河和大汶河水质最差，特别是金水河。TP、TN、BOD、COD、TOC 和大肠菌群的含量分别超过国家标准的 155%、1%、97.5%、35.5%、114.2%和 80%。聚类分析表明，工业、农业和生活污水以及工业废气是这些支流污染的主要来源。细菌群落结构分析表明，金水河污染最严重，细菌种类多样性和丰富度最大。此外，其致病微生物数量远高于其他地区，相关代谢途径的细菌功能基因也明显富集。这与水质最好的清水河形成鲜明对比。我们建议对不同的支流采取更具体的政策，进一步研究金水河和大汶河的水质较差的原因，以探索最适合的污染控制方法。
