Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Samueli School of Engineering, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Department of Chemistry, School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Apr;10(10):e2205381. doi: 10.1002/advs.202205381. Epub 2023 Jan 20.
Multi-scale organization of molecular and living components is one of the most critical parameters that regulate charge transport in electroactive systems-whether abiotic, biotic, or hybrid interfaces. In this article, an overview of the current state-of-the-art for controlling molecular order, nanoscale assembly, microstructure domains, and macroscale architectures of electroactive organic interfaces used for biomedical applications is provided. Discussed herein are the leading strategies and challenges to date for engineering the multi-scale organization of electroactive organic materials, including biomolecule-based materials, synthetic conjugated molecules, polymers, and their biohybrid analogs. Importantly, this review provides a unique discussion on how the dependence of conduction phenomena on structural organization is observed for electroactive organic materials, as well as for their living counterparts in electrogenic tissues and biotic-abiotic interfaces. Expansion of fabrication capabilities that enable higher resolution and throughput for the engineering of ordered, patterned, and architecture electroactive systems will significantly impact the future of bioelectronic technologies for medical devices, bioinspired harvesting platforms, and in vitro models of electroactive tissues. In summary, this article presents how ordering at multiple scales is important for modulating transport in both the electroactive organic, abiotic, and living components of bioelectronic systems.
分子和生命成分的多尺度组织是调节电活性系统中电荷输运的最关键参数之一 - 无论是非生物、生物还是混合界面。本文综述了用于生物医学应用的电活性有机界面的分子有序性、纳米级组装、微结构域和宏观结构的控制的最新研究进展。本文讨论了迄今为止用于工程电活性有机材料的多尺度组织的主要策略和挑战，包括基于生物分子的材料、合成共轭分子、聚合物及其生物杂交类似物。重要的是，本综述提供了一个独特的讨论，即观察到电活性有机材料以及电活性组织和生物 - 非生物界面中的生物对应物中的传导现象对结构组织的依赖性。能够实现更高分辨率和更高吞吐量的制造能力的扩展，将极大地影响用于医疗设备、仿生采集平台和电活性组织体外模型的生物电子技术的未来。总之，本文介绍了在多个尺度上进行有序化对于调节生物电子系统中电活性有机、非生物和生物成分中的输运的重要性。
