Department of Health Education and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Department of Public Health, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
Sci Rep. 2023 Jan 20;13(1):1136. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28397-3.
The study assessed associations between food insecurity and mental, physical, and behavioural health outcomes in India. The study analysed national cross-sectional population-based data (N = 72,262; ≥ 45 years) from in India in 2017-2018. The overall prevalence of food insecurity was 9.7%. Food insecurity was significantly positively associated with poor mental health [low life satisfaction (AOR: 2.75, 95% CI 2.35-3.23), low self-reported health (AOR: 1.61, 95% CI 1.11-1.42), insomnia symptoms (AOR: 1.64, 95% CI 1.45-1.85), depressive symptoms (AOR: 2.21, 95% CI 1.97-2.48), major depressive disorder (AOR: 2.37, 95% CI 2.03-2.77), Alzheimer's/dementia (AOR: 1.75, 95% CI 1.13-2.69), and poorer cognitive functioning (AOR: 0.68, 95% CI 0.49-0.93)], poor physical health [bone or joint disease (AOR: 1.18, 95% CI 1.04-1.34), angina (AOR: 1.80, 95% CI 1.58-2.06), underweight (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI 1.16-1.40), chronic lung disease (AOR: 1.22, 95% CI 1.03-1.45), and functional disability (AOR: 1.68, 95% CI 1.47-1.92)], and health risk behaviour [tobacco use (AOR: 1.13, 95% CI 1.01-1.25), heavy episodic drinking (AOR: 1.45, 95% CI 1.10-1.91) and physical inactivity (AOR: 1.42, 95% CI 1.21-1.67)]. Furthermore, food insecurity was negatively associated with overweight/obesity (AOR: 0.80, 95% CI 0.73-0.88). Food insecurity was associated with seven poor mental health indicators, five poor physical health conditions, and three health risk behaviours. Programmes and policies that improve food availability may help improve mental and physical health among middle-aged and older adults in India.
这项研究评估了印度粮食不安全与心理健康、身体健康和行为健康结果之间的关联。该研究分析了 2017-2018 年印度全国基于人群的横断面人口数据（N=72262；≥45 岁）。总体粮食不安全发生率为 9.7%。粮食不安全与心理健康状况差（低生活满意度[比值比（OR）：2.75，95%置信区间（CI）2.35-3.23]、自我报告健康状况差（OR：1.61，95%CI 1.11-1.42）、失眠症状（OR：1.64，95%CI 1.45-1.85）、抑郁症状（OR：2.21，95%CI 1.97-2.48）、重度抑郁症（OR：2.37，95%CI 2.03-2.77）、阿尔茨海默病/痴呆症（OR：1.75，95%CI 1.13-2.69）和认知功能下降（OR：0.68，95%CI 0.49-0.93））、身体健康状况差（骨或关节疾病（OR：1.18，95%CI 1.04-1.34）、心绞痛（OR：1.80，95%CI 1.58-2.06）、体重过轻（OR：1.28，95%CI 1.16-1.40）、慢性肺病（OR：1.22，95%CI 1.03-1.45）和功能障碍（OR：1.68，95%CI 1.47-1.92））和健康风险行为（吸烟（OR：1.13，95%CI 1.01-1.25）、重度间歇性饮酒（OR：1.45，95%CI 1.10-1.91）和身体活动不足（OR：1.42，95%CI 1.21-1.67））显著正相关。此外，粮食不安全与超重/肥胖呈负相关（OR：0.80，95%CI 0.73-0.88）。粮食不安全与 7 项心理健康不良指标、5 项身体健康不良状况和 3 项健康风险行为相关。改善粮食供应的方案和政策可能有助于改善印度中年和老年人的心理健康和身体健康。
