Nuñez Pedro Danilo Ponciano, Portela-Pino Iago, Martínez-Patiño María José
Research Group on Education, Physical Activity and Health (GIES 10) Galicia Sur Research Institute (ISS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain.
Department of Physical Education, Sport and Leisure, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala.
Children (Basel). 2023 Jan 10;10(1):134. doi: 10.3390/children10010134.
Guatemala is a multiethnic and multicultural country that has suffered from poverty and violence. Sports can serve as tool to foster development across the country; however, there is limited research on the use of sports as a tool for promoting broader social benefits in Guatemala. The purpose of this study was to compare sports and the health and physiological characteristics of at-risk youths in Guatemala. The research objectives were achieved through a quantitative approach and the participation of 90 youths involved in an educational organization through sports and 91 youths who have not been influenced by any organization. The results showed that urban at-risk youths involved in a sports for education organization develop more self-esteem; they have higher levels of physical activity than their peers who are not involved in an educational organization; the socioemotional competencies of self-regulation and motivation are higher in urban areas; empathy is higher in men than in women; the level of the self-perception of health is lower and health literacy higher. However, the at-risk youths who are not involved in an educational organization showed that their self-regulation was higher, and the level of health literacy was higher for all factors. This was through a set of attitudes and skills as a result of their historical development and sociocultural strategies transmitted from generation to generation to foster health and physical activity.
危地马拉是一个多民族、多元文化的国家，长期遭受贫困和暴力问题的困扰。体育运动可以成为推动该国全面发展的工具；然而，关于在危地马拉将体育运动用作促进更广泛社会效益的工具的研究却很有限。本研究的目的是比较危地马拉高危青少年的体育运动情况以及他们的健康和生理特征。研究目标通过定量研究方法得以实现，90名通过体育运动参与一个教育组织的青少年以及91名未受任何组织影响的青少年参与了研究。结果显示，参与体育教育组织的城市高危青少年自尊心更强；他们的身体活动水平高于未参与教育组织的同龄人；城市地区自我调节和动机方面的社会情感能力更强；男性的同理心高于女性；健康自我认知水平较低，但健康素养较高。然而，未参与教育组织的高危青少年表明，他们的自我调节能力更强，所有因素的健康素养水平也更高。这是由于他们历史发展过程中形成的一系列态度和技能以及代代相传的社会文化策略，这些策略旨在促进健康和体育活动。
