Iwanski Alexandra, Lichtenstein Lucie, Forster Fabienne, Stadelmann Céline, Bodenmann Guy, Zimmermann Peter
Department of Psychology, Developmental Psychology, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstr. 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
Cantonal Psychiatric Clinic St. Gallen, Gynaeco-Psychiatry, Zuercherstrasse 30, 9500 Wil, Switzerland.
Brain Sci. 2022 Dec 23;13(1):35. doi: 10.3390/brainsci13010035.
Attachment security and dependency play a decisive role for children's mental health. From a family systems perspective, reciprocal effects of dyadic attachment to each parent within the same family on child symptomatology may well offer additional insights in developmental processes as parents and children influence each other consistently. This study examined the influence of child-mother as well as child-father attachment security and dependency on maternal, paternal, and observed ratings of children's emotional and behavioral problems. A total of 124 families with preschool children participated in this study. Attachment security, dependency, and symptomatology of the children were independently observed during home visits. Furthermore, mothers and fathers rated child symptoms. Results revealed promotive effects of attachment security to both parents on observed child symptoms. Furthermore, we found a significant actor effect of child-mother attachment security, as well as a significant partner effect of child-father dependency on maternal ratings of child symptomatology. Attachment security to both parents is promotive for child mental health. The family systems perspective clarifies the meaning of child-father relationships for maternal perception of the own child.
依恋安全性和依赖性对儿童心理健康起着决定性作用。从家庭系统的角度来看，在同一家庭中，孩子与父母双方的二元依恋对孩子症状的相互影响，很可能会为发展过程提供更多见解，因为父母和孩子始终相互影响。本研究考察了孩子与母亲以及孩子与父亲的依恋安全性和依赖性对母亲、父亲以及观察到的孩子情绪和行为问题评分的影响。共有124个有学龄前儿童的家庭参与了本研究。在家庭访视期间，独立观察孩子的依恋安全性、依赖性和症状表现。此外，母亲和父亲对孩子的症状进行评分。结果显示，与父母双方的依恋安全性对观察到的孩子症状有促进作用。此外，我们发现孩子与母亲的依恋安全性有显著的主效应，以及孩子与父亲的依赖性对母亲对孩子症状评分有显著的伴侣效应。与父母双方的依恋安全性对儿童心理健康有促进作用。家庭系统的角度阐明了孩子与父亲关系对母亲对自己孩子认知的意义。
