Iwanski Alexandra, Lichtenstein Lucie, Mühling Laura E, Zimmermann Peter
Human and Social Sciences, Department of Developmental Psychology, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
Brain Sci. 2021 Aug 30;11(9):1153. doi: 10.3390/brainsci11091153.
Attachment and emotion regulation play a decisive role in the developmental pathways of adaptation or maladaptation. This study tested concurrent and longitudinal associations between the attachment to mother and father, sadness regulation, and depressive symptoms.
A total of 1110 participants from middle childhood to adolescence completed measures of attachment, emotion regulation, and depressive symptomatology. In total, 307 of them participated in the longitudinal assessment.
Results revealed attachment affects emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, we found linear effects of the cumulative number of secure attachment relationships on adaptive and maladaptive deactivating sadness regulation, as well as on depressive symptoms. Longitudinal analysis showed the significant mediating role of sadness regulation in the relationship between attachment and depressive symptoms.
Adaptive and maladaptive deactivating sadness regulation explain the longitudinal effects of attachment on depressive symptoms. Insecurely attached children and adolescents use maladaptive and adaptive sadness regulation strategies, but differ in their hierarchy of strategy use.
依恋和情绪调节在适应或适应不良的发展路径中起着决定性作用。本研究测试了对母亲和父亲的依恋、悲伤调节与抑郁症状之间的同时期和纵向关联。
共有1110名从中童年期到青春期的参与者完成了依恋、情绪调节和抑郁症状的测量。其中共有307人参与了纵向评估。
结果显示依恋会影响情绪调节策略和抑郁症状。此外，我们发现安全依恋关系的累积数量对适应性和适应不良的失活悲伤调节以及抑郁症状有线性影响。纵向分析表明悲伤调节在依恋与抑郁症状之间的关系中起显著中介作用。
适应性和适应不良的失活悲伤调节解释了依恋对抑郁症状的纵向影响。不安全依恋的儿童和青少年使用适应不良和适应性的悲伤调节策略，但在策略使用的层次结构上有所不同。
