De Vitta Alberto, Noll Matias, Monfort-Pañego Manuel, Miñana-Signes Vicente, Maciel Nicoly Machado
Departament of Physical Therapy, Centro Universitário das Faculdades Integradas de Ourinhos, Rodovia BR 153, Km 338 + 420 m, Água do Cateto, Ourinhos 19909-100, SP, Brazil.
Instituto Federal Goiano, Rodovia GO 154, Km 03, s/n, Ceres 76300-000, GO, Brazil.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jan 9;11(2):196. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11020196.
Thoracic spine pain (TSP) is a common condition in the general adult population, with a similar prevalence in children and adolescents. An in-depth understanding of risk factors can assist in the identification of potential targets for effective prevention strategies. This study aimed to determine the incidence of TSP and ongoing TSP and identify its predictors in high school students. This longitudinal study was conducted in 2017 (baseline-T1), and follow-up surveys were completed in 2018 (T2). The variable "thoracic spine pain" was observed using the Nordic questionnaire, and associated variables were observed through the Baecke questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Statistical association methods were used for bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Among the participants, the one-year prevalence (ongoing TSP) was 38.4%, and the one-year incidence (new TSP) was 10.1%. Significant risk factors for ongoing TSP were adolescent females (RR = 2.14), in the age group of 15 to 18 years (RR = 1.41), clinical mental health problems (RR = 3.07), borderline mental health problems (RR = 2.02), mental health problems, sitting while using a tablet (RR = 1.93), distance of the eye from cell phone screen of or more than 20 cm (RR = 1.69), distance of the eye from the PC screen of or more than 30 cm (RR = 1.53), cell phone mobile use duration of or more than 3 h (RR = 1.60), tablet use time of or more than 3 h (RR = 2.08), and semi-lying prone position while using the cell phone (RR= 1.47), and these were also significant predictors of TSP episodes. Significant risk factors for new TSP were adolescent female sex (RR = 1.88), level, clinical mental health problems (RR = 4.26), borderline mental health problems (RR = 2.07), semi-lying prone position while using cell phone (RR = 1.71) or tablet (RR = 2.31), and mobile phone use duration equal to or greater than 3 h (RR = 1.72). We conclude that there is a high prevalence of TSP in high school students, which is associated with the female sex, mental health problems, and use of electronic devices for an inappropriate duration in an improper position.
胸椎疼痛（TSP）在一般成年人群中是一种常见病症，在儿童和青少年中的患病率相似。深入了解风险因素有助于确定有效预防策略的潜在目标。本研究旨在确定高中生中TSP的发病率和持续性TSP，并确定其预测因素。这项纵向研究于2017年进行（基线-T1），2018年完成随访调查（T2）。使用北欧问卷观察“胸椎疼痛”变量，并通过贝克问卷和长处与困难问卷观察相关变量。采用统计关联方法进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。在参与者中，一年患病率（持续性TSP）为38.4%，一年发病率（新发TSP）为10.1%。持续性TSP的显著风险因素为青春期女性（RR = 2.14）、年龄在15至18岁之间（RR = 1.41）、临床心理健康问题（RR = 3.07）、边缘心理健康问题（RR = 2.02）、心理健康问题、使用平板电脑时坐着（RR = 1.93）、眼睛与手机屏幕的距离为20厘米或以上（RR = 1.69）、眼睛与电脑屏幕的距离为30厘米或以上（RR = 1.53）、手机使用时长为3小时或以上（RR = 1.60）、平板电脑使用时间为3小时或以上（RR = 2.08）以及使用手机时半躺姿势（RR = 1.47），这些也是TSP发作的显著预测因素。新发TSP的显著风险因素为青春期女性（RR = 1.88）、年级、临床心理健康问题（RR = 4.26）、边缘心理健康问题（RR = 2.07）、使用手机（RR = 1.71）或平板电脑（RR = 2.31）时半躺姿势以及手机使用时长等于或大于3小时（RR = 1.72）。我们得出结论，高中生中TSP的患病率很高，这与女性性别、心理健康问题以及在不适当的位置以不适当的时长使用电子设备有关。
