College of Landscape Architecture and Art Design, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Tourism and Historical Culture College, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing 526061, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 16;20(2):1629. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021629.
Cultivated land resources are the material basis of sustainable agricultural development. Climate change, food security, land pollution, and other issues highlight the value of sustainable agricultural development, and the health of the cultivated land system has attracted much attention. By constructing "PSR-VOR" cultivated land system health evaluation framework under the 5 km grid scale and using GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics to comprehensively evaluate the health status of the cultivated land system in the two lake plains from 2000 to 2019. The major results have shown that: (1) Over the past 20 years, both the highest and average values of the health index of the cultivated land system have gone down, and the health status of the cultivated land system has changed and gotten worse over time. (2) The health status in the two lake plains has been generally good, mainly in Class I and Class II areas. However, the area of cultivated land with general and poor health status has increased rapidly. On the whole, the health level presents the characteristic of gradually decreasing from the northeast to the southwest and southeast. (3) During the study period, the global Moran's I value of the cultivated land system health index in the two lake plains increased from 0.686 to 0.729, with significant spatial positive autocorrelation, and the spatial heterogeneity of the cultivated land system health index gradually increased. As shown by the spatial distribution characteristics of high in the north, low in the south, and decreasing from the middle to the outside, the distribution of the high-value cluster area and the low-value cluster area of the cultivated land system health index in the two lake plains has not changed significantly over the past 20 years. (4) The two lake plains are divided into five areas: a moderate optimization area, a collaborative optimization area, a potential improvement area, a key improvement area, and a priority improvement area. The urgency of regulating the health status from the moderate optimization area to the priority improvement area has gradually increased, and the differentiated utilization and management of cultivated land resources need to be carried out according to local conditions.
耕地资源是农业可持续发展的物质基础。气候变化、粮食安全、土地污染等问题凸显了农业可持续发展的重要性，耕地系统健康受到广泛关注。本研究构建了 5km 格网尺度下的“PSR-VOR”耕地系统健康评价框架，运用 GIS 空间分析和数理统计方法，全面评价了 2000—2019 年两湖平原耕地系统健康状况。结果表明：①20 年来，耕地系统健康指数的最高值和平均值均呈下降趋势，耕地系统健康状况随时间推移而变差。②两湖平原耕地系统健康状况整体较好，以Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级为主，但一般和较差健康状况的耕地面积快速增加，整体呈现由东北向西南和东南逐渐变差的特征。③研究期间，两湖平原耕地系统健康指数的全局 Moran's I 值由 0.686 增加到 0.729，具有显著的空间正相关性，耕地系统健康指数的空间异质性逐渐增大。从耕地系统健康指数的高值区集聚、低值区集聚的空间分布特征来看，20 年来两湖平原耕地系统健康指数高值区和低值区的分布变化不大。④将两湖平原划分为中优化区、协同优化区、潜优提升区、重点提升区和优先提升区 5 个耕地资源利用与管理分区。从中优化区向优先提升区调控耕地系统健康状态的紧迫性逐渐增加，需要因地制宜地开展耕地资源差异化利用与管理。
