Institute of Quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-Products of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Key Laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product Safety and Quality, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou 510640, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 8;24(2):1247. doi: 10.3390/ijms24021247.
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal whose pollution in rice fields leads to varying degrees of Cd accumulation in rice. Furthermore, the long-term consumption of Cd-contaminated rice is harmful to human health. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and application value to clarify the genetic regulation mechanism of Cd accumulation in rice and cultivate rice varieties with low Cd accumulation for the safe use of Cd-contaminated soils. This review summarizes the effects of Cd on rice growth, yield, and quality; the physiological and molecular mechanisms of Cd absorption in the roots, loading, and transport of Cd in the xylem, the distribution of Cd in nodes, redistribution of Cd in leaves, and accumulation of Cd in the grains; the regulation mechanism of the Cd stress response; and the breeding of rice with low Cd accumulation. Future directions on the genetic regulation of Cd in rice and application are also discussed. This review provides a theoretical basis for studies exploring the genetic regulation of Cd stress in rice. It also offers a basis for formulating effective strategies to reduce the Cd content in rice.
镉（Cd）是一种重金属，其在稻田中的污染会导致水稻中不同程度的镉积累。此外，长期食用受镉污染的大米会对人体健康造成危害。因此，阐明水稻镉积累的遗传调控机制，培育低镉积累的水稻品种，对于安全利用镉污染土壤具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。本综述总结了镉对水稻生长、产量和品质的影响；镉在根系中的吸收、木质部中的装载和运输、镉在节间的分布、镉在叶片中的再分配以及镉在籽粒中的积累的生理和分子机制；镉胁迫响应的调控机制；以及低镉积累水稻的选育。还讨论了未来在水稻中镉遗传调控和应用方面的研究方向。本综述为研究水稻镉胁迫的遗传调控提供了理论基础，也为制定有效降低水稻镉含量的策略提供了依据。
