Watson C G, Herder J, Kucala T, Hoodecheck-Schow E
Veterans Administration Medical Center, St. Cloud, Minnesota 56301.
J Clin Psychol. 1987 Sep;43(5):447-55. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198709)43:5<447::aid-jclp2270430502>3.0.co;2-m.
The Army General Classification Test (AGCT) and the MMPI were administered to schizophrenic inpatients (N = 50) with initially high (mean standard score = 115) and low (77) intelligence at two timepoints separated by an average of 14 years. The Arithmetic scores of the more intelligent group declined significantly with time, but significant changes did not appear on the Vocabulary or Spatial Aptitude scores of that group. No significant mean changes appeared in the low-IQ sample. The high-IQ group's Arithmetic section deterioration resulted from an increased error rate, not a drop in speed. No changes beyond those attributable to chance appeared on the MMPI scales. The results suggest that an intellectual decline limited to certain skills and to a subset of subjects occurs in schizophrenia and that the deterioration is not attributable to personality decompensation as defined by the MMPI. Because these findings appear to contrast with most previous research in this area, they should be considered tentative until confirmed by independent studies.
陆军普通分类测验（AGCT）和明尼苏达多相人格测验（MMPI）被施用于50名精神分裂症住院患者，这些患者在两个时间点的初始智力水平分别为高（平均标准分数 = 115）和低（77），两个时间点相隔平均14年。智力较高组的算术分数随时间显著下降，但该组的词汇或空间能力分数没有出现显著变化。低智商样本未出现显著的平均变化。高智商组算术部分的恶化是由错误率增加导致的，而非速度下降。MMPI量表上除了随机因素导致的变化外，未出现其他变化。结果表明，精神分裂症患者会出现仅限于某些技能和部分受试者的智力衰退，且这种衰退并非由MMPI所定义的人格失代偿所致。由于这些发现似乎与该领域之前的大多数研究结果相反，在得到独立研究证实之前，应将其视为初步结论。
