Lau Chin Shern, Aw Tar Choon
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, 2 Simei Street 3, Singapore 529889, Singapore.
Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore.
Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Dec 22;11(1):20. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010020.
Although vaccine effectiveness reports are essential to assessing policies on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, several factors can affect our interpretation of the results. These include the waning of antibodies, the prevailing viral variants at the time of the study, and COVID-19 disease prevalence in the population. Disease prevalence significantly impacts absolute risk reduction and could skew expected efficacy when increased disease prevalence inflates the absolute risk reduction in the face of a constant relative risk reduction. These factors must be considered in the interpretation of vaccine effectiveness to better understand how vaccines can improve disease prevention among the population. We highlight the impact of various factors on vaccine effectiveness.
尽管疫苗有效性报告对于评估新冠病毒疫苗接种政策至关重要，但有几个因素会影响我们对结果的解读。这些因素包括抗体水平下降、研究期间流行的病毒变体以及人群中的新冠疾病患病率。疾病患病率会显著影响绝对风险降低率，当疾病患病率增加导致绝对风险降低率在相对风险降低率不变的情况下被夸大时，可能会使预期疗效产生偏差。在解读疫苗有效性时必须考虑这些因素，以便更好地理解疫苗如何在人群中改善疾病预防。我们强调了各种因素对疫苗有效性的影响。
