Kochanska G, Kuczynski L, Radke-Yarrow M, Welsh J D
Laboratory of Developmental Psychology, NIMH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1987 Sep;15(3):441-56. doi: 10.1007/BF00916460.
Control interactions between 87 well and affectively ill mothers and their 15- to 51-month-old children were studied. Spontaneously occurring control interventions (conceptualized as episodes of interaction between mother and child) were coded from 90 minutes of videotaped interactions in a naturalistic laboratory apartment setting. The results suggest developmental changes in mother-child interaction in the 2nd to 4th years of life: the increase of the rate of immediate maternal success (p less than .05) and compromise (p less than .05), on the decrease in maternal use of power (ultimate success by enforcement, p less than .01). Well mothers achieved compromise with their children, particularly daughters, more often than did affectively ill mothers (p less than .05). Affectively ill mothers more often than well mothers avoided confrontation with their children (p less than .05). The impairments in control interventions of affectively ill mothers were exacerbated by the severity of the disorder.
对87位健康母亲和患有情感障碍的母亲及其15至51个月大的孩子之间的控制互动进行了研究。在自然主义的实验室公寓环境中，从90分钟的录像互动中对自发出现的控制干预措施（概念化为母婴之间的互动情节）进行编码。结果表明，在生命的第二年至第四年，母婴互动存在发育变化：即时母亲成功（p小于0.05）和妥协（p小于0.05）的发生率增加，而母亲使用权力的情况（通过强制实现最终成功，p小于0.01）减少。健康母亲比患有情感障碍的母亲更频繁地与孩子，特别是女儿达成妥协（p小于0.05）。患有情感障碍的母亲比健康母亲更经常避免与孩子对抗（p小于0.05）。患有情感障碍的母亲在控制干预方面的损害因疾病的严重程度而加剧。
