The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Jerusalem, Israel.
Child Abuse Negl. 2023 Mar;137:106004. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.106004. Epub 2023 Jan 23.
Exposure to ethnic- and race-related stress (e.g., racism, racial discrimination, and micro-aggression) can impair parenting and parent-child relations.
This study examines the exposure of Palestinian parents in Israel to two levels of racism, interpersonal racism (IPR) and perceived collective racism (PCR), and the relationship of each to perpetrating child abuse. Further, the study examines the moderating role of coping strategies on these relationships.
The study was conducted among a systematic semi-random sample of 770 Palestinian parents in Israel (500 mothers and 270 fathers) aged 21-66 (M = 38.7, SD = 7.84).
Participants filled out a self-administered questionnaire that included items from several instruments.
Regression analysis revealed that PCR and avoidance coping significantly predict psychological, R = 0.072, p < 0.001, and physical, R = 0.088, p < 0.001, child abuse. Interestingly, the moderating effects of coping strategies varied somewhat. High avoidance-coping (e.g., distraction, denial, withdrawal) worsened PCR's effect on child abuse, while low avoidance-coping mitigated it but augmented IPR's effect on child abuse. Further, frequently using problem-oriented coping (e.g., analyzing the situation) worsened IPR's effect on child abuse. Child abuse risk increased when parents experienced high PCR levels and frequently used avoidance coping. Likewise, it increased when they experienced high IPR levels and used either high problem-oriented coping or low avoidance-coping.
Understanding when coping strategies buffer the impact of racism on the parent-child relationship and when they exacerbate it can contribute to interventions with parents experiencing IPR and PCR.
接触与种族和民族相关的压力（例如种族主义、种族歧视和微侵犯）会损害育儿和亲子关系。
本研究考察了以色列巴勒斯坦父母所面临的两种程度的种族主义，即人际种族主义（IPR）和感知集体种族主义（PCR），以及每种种族主义与虐待儿童行为的关系。此外，本研究还考察了应对策略在这些关系中的调节作用。
本研究在以色列对一个系统的半随机抽样的 770 名巴勒斯坦父母（500 名母亲和 270 名父亲）进行了调查，年龄在 21-66 岁之间（M=38.7，SD=7.84）。
参与者填写了一份自我管理的问卷，其中包括来自几种工具的项目。
回归分析显示，PCR 和回避应对显著预测心理虐待（R=0.072，p<0.001）和身体虐待（R=0.088，p<0.001）。有趣的是，应对策略的调节作用有些不同。高回避应对（例如分散注意力、否认、退缩）会加剧 PCR 对儿童虐待的影响，而低回避应对则会减轻这种影响，但会增强 IPR 对儿童虐待的影响。此外，频繁使用问题导向应对（例如分析情况）会加剧 IPR 对儿童虐待的影响。当父母经历高 PCR 水平和频繁使用回避应对时，儿童虐待风险会增加。同样，当他们经历高 IPR 水平和使用高问题导向应对或低回避应对时，风险也会增加。
了解应对策略何时缓冲种族主义对亲子关系的影响，以及何时加剧这种影响，可以为干预经历 IPR 和 PCR 的父母提供帮助。
