McGreen Joshua, Kemps Eva, Tiggemann Marika
Flinders University, Australia.
Flinders University, Australia.
Appetite. 2023 Apr 1;183:106466. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2023.106466. Epub 2023 Jan 20.
Excess consumption of unhealthy foods has become a major public health problem. Although one potential contributor to unhealthy consumption is poor inhibitory control, findings have been inconsistent. A meta-analysis of 35 studies was conducted to determine whether, and under which conditions, inhibitory control, as measured by the Go/No-Go and Stop-Signal tasks, is associated with food consumption/choice. Moderators included the type of stimuli (neutral or food-specific) used in measuring inhibitory control, sample differences (e.g., age, gender, and weight), and the measure of food consumption or choice. Overall, there was a small positive association between inhibitory control and food consumption/choice, r = .09, CI = [0.04, 0.14], p = .001. This held for the Stop-Signal Task in general, and for the Go/No-Go Task for children and when food consumption/choice was measured objectively. The present meta-analysis provides the first comprehensive evidence that inhibitory control, as measured by the Go/No-Go and Stop-Signal tasks, is associated with food consumption or choice, and points to inhibitory control as a potential target for reducing unhealthy food consumption.
不健康食品的过量消费已成为一个主要的公共卫生问题。尽管抑制控制能力差是导致不健康消费的一个潜在因素，但研究结果并不一致。我们对35项研究进行了荟萃分析，以确定通过“是/否”任务和停止信号任务测量的抑制控制能力是否以及在何种条件下与食物消费/选择相关。调节因素包括测量抑制控制能力时使用的刺激类型（中性或特定食物）、样本差异（如年龄、性别和体重）以及食物消费或选择的测量方法。总体而言，抑制控制能力与食物消费/选择之间存在微弱的正相关，r = 0.09，置信区间为[0.04, 0.14]，p = 0.001。这一结果在一般的停止信号任务中成立，在儿童的“是/否”任务以及客观测量食物消费/选择时也成立。本荟萃分析提供了首个全面证据，表明通过“是/否”任务和停止信号任务测量的抑制控制能力与食物消费或选择相关，并指出抑制控制能力是减少不健康食品消费的一个潜在目标。
