de Souza Marielly Rodrigues, Andrade Amanda Cristina de Souza, Froelich Mendalli, Muraro Ana Paula, Rodrigues Paulo Rogério Melo
Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.
Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.
Br J Nutr. 2023 Oct 14;130(7):1213-1219. doi: 10.1017/S000711452300020X. Epub 2023 Jan 24.
The present study identified dietary patterns (DP) and analyse their association with household composition. This is a cross-sectional school-based study, with a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adolescent students, aged 11-19 years, with data from National School Health Survey ( 102 072). Food consumption was obtained through the weekly frequency of consumption of food markers, and the confirmatory factor analysis was applied to examine the latent variables 'Healthy' (beans, legumes/vegetables and fresh fruit/fruit salad) and 'Unhealthy' (ultra-processed foods, sweets, soft drinks and snacks) DP. The association between household composition and DP was estimated considering lives with both parents as reference category. Among adolescents aged 11-14 years, adherence to healthy DP was lower for boys who lived only with mother ( = -2·1), and boys ( = -4·9) and girls ( = -4·5) who lived without any parents. Adherence to unhealthy DP was higher among boys ( = 7·6) and girls ( = 6·0) who lived only with mother, and boys ( = 4·6) and girls ( = 5·3) who lived only with father. For older adolescents (aged 15-19 years), adherence to the unhealthy DP was higher among boys who lived only with mother ( = 3·9) or only with father ( = 5·3) and girls who lived only with mother ( = 6·3). Adherence to healthy DP was lower among girls who lived only with father ( = -9·0). Thus, adolescents who lived in single-parent households had lower adherence to healthy DP and greater adherence to unhealthy DP. Among younger adolescents of both sexes, living without any parent contributed to lower adherence to healthy DP.
本研究确定了饮食模式（DP）并分析了它们与家庭构成的关联。这是一项基于学校的横断面研究，样本来自巴西11至19岁具有全国代表性的青少年学生，数据来自全国学校健康调查（102072人）。通过食物标志物的每周消费频率获取食物消费情况，并应用验证性因素分析来检验潜在变量“健康”（豆类、豆类/蔬菜和新鲜水果/水果沙拉）和“不健康”（超加工食品、糖果、软饮料和零食）饮食模式。以与父母双方同住作为参照类别，估计家庭构成与饮食模式之间的关联。在11至14岁的青少年中，仅与母亲生活的男孩（=-2·1）以及无父母陪伴生活的男孩（=-4·9）和女孩（=-4·5）对健康饮食模式的依从性较低。仅与母亲生活的男孩（=7·6）和女孩（=6·0）以及仅与父亲生活的男孩（=4·6）和女孩（=5·3）对不健康饮食模式的依从性较高。对于年龄较大的青少年（15至19岁），仅与母亲生活（=3·9）或仅与父亲生活（=5·3）的男孩以及仅与母亲生活的女孩（=6·3）对不健康饮食模式的依从性较高。仅与父亲生活的女孩（=-9·0）对健康饮食模式的依从性较低。因此，生活在单亲家庭的青少年对健康饮食模式的依从性较低，而对不健康饮食模式的依从性较高。在男女较年幼的青少年中，无父母陪伴生活会导致对健康饮食模式的依从性降低。
