Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia.
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jan 23;23(1):152. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15051-w.
Histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) which include the ABO and Lewis antigen systems have been known for determining predisposition to infections. For instance, blood group O individuals have a higher risk of severe illness due to V. cholerae compared to those with non-blood group O antigens. We set out to determine the influence that these HBGAs have on oral cholera vaccine immunogenicity and seroconversion in individuals residing within a cholera endemic area in Zambia.
We conducted a longitudinal study nested under a clinical trial in which samples from a cohort of 223 adults who were vaccinated with two doses of Shanchol™ and followed up over 4 years were used. We measured serum vibriocidal geometric mean titers (GMTs) at Baseline, Day 28, Months 6, 12, 24, 30, 36 and 48 in response to the vaccine. Saliva obtained at 1 year post vaccination was tested for HBGA phenotypes and secretor status using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Of the 133/223 participants included in the final analysis, the majority were above 34 years old (58%) and of these, 90% were males. Seroconversion rates to V. cholerae O1 Inaba with non-O (23%) and O (30%) blood types were comparable. The same pattern was observed against O1 Ogawa serotype between non-O (25%) and O (35%). This trend continued over the four-year follow-up period. Similarly, no significant differences were observed in seroconversion rates between the non-secretors (26%) and secretors (36%) against V. cholerae O1 Inaba. The same was observed for O1 Ogawa in non-secretors (22%) and the secretors (36%).
Our results do not support the idea that ABO blood grouping influence vaccine uptake and responses against cholera.
组织血型抗原（HBGAs）包括 ABO 和 Lewis 抗原系统，其已被用于确定感染易感性。例如，与非 O 血型抗原相比，O 型血个体感染霍乱弧菌后患病的风险更高。我们旨在确定这些 HBGAs 对居住在赞比亚霍乱流行地区的个体口服霍乱疫苗免疫原性和血清转化率的影响。
我们进行了一项纵向研究，该研究嵌套在一项临床试验中，该试验对 223 名接受了两剂 Shanchol™ 疫苗并随访了 4 年的成年人队列中的样本进行了分析。我们在基线、第 28 天、第 6、12、24、30、36 和 48 个月时测量了针对疫苗的血清杀菌几何平均滴度（GMT）。在接种疫苗后 1 年获得的唾液通过酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）检测 HBGA 表型和分泌状态。
在最终分析的 223 名参与者中的 133 名参与者中，大多数年龄在 34 岁以上（58%），其中 90%为男性。对非 O（23%）和 O（30%）血型的 V. cholerae O1 Inaba 的血清转化率相似。在 O1 Ogawa 血清型中，非 O（25%）和 O（35%）之间也观察到相同的模式。这种趋势在四年的随访期间持续存在。同样，非分泌者（26%）和分泌者（36%）针对 V. cholerae O1 Inaba 的血清转化率之间也没有观察到显著差异。在非分泌者（22%）和分泌者（36%）中，O1 Ogawa 也观察到了相同的情况。
我们的结果不支持 ABO 血型分组影响霍乱疫苗接种和反应的观点。
