Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517507, India.
Small. 2023 Apr;19(17):e2206226. doi: 10.1002/smll.202206226. Epub 2023 Jan 24.
The advantage of hybridizing battery and supercapacitor electrodes has succeeded recently in designing hybrid charge storage systems such as lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) with the benefits of higher energy than supercapacitors and more power density than batteries. However, sluggish Li-ion diffusion of battery anode is one of the main barriers and hampers the development of high-performance LICs. Herein, is introduced a new conversion/displacement type anode, MnCO , via effectively recycling spent Li-ion batteries cathodes for LICs applications. The MnCO cuboids are regenerated from the spent LiMn O cathodes by organic acid lixiviation process, and hydrothermal treatment displays excellent reversibility of 535 mAh g after 50 cycles with a Coulombic efficiency of >99%. Later, LIC is assembled with the regenerated MnCO cubes in pre-lithiated form (Mn + Li CO ) as anode and commercial activated carbon (AC) as the cathode, delivering a maximum energy density of 169.4 Wh kg at 25 °C with ultra-long durability of 15,000 cycles. Even at various atmospheres like -5 and 50 °C, this LIC can offer a energy densities of 53.8 and 119.5 Wh kg , respectively. Remarkably, the constructed AC/Mn + Li CO -based LIC exhibits a good cycling performance for a continuous 1000 cycles with >91% retention invariably for all temperature conditions.
将电池和超级电容器电极混合的优势最近在设计混合电荷存储系统方面取得了成功，例如具有比超级电容器更高能量和比电池更高功率密度的锂离子电容器（LIC）。然而，电池阳极的锂离子扩散缓慢是主要障碍之一，阻碍了高性能 LIC 的发展。在此，引入了一种新的转化/置换型阳极 MnCO ，通过有效回收废旧锂离子电池阴极来应用于 LIC。MnCO 立方体通过有机酸浸出工艺从废旧 LiMn O 阴极中再生，水热处理在 50 次循环后具有 535 毫安时/克的出色可逆性，库仑效率>99%。随后，将再生的 MnCO 立方体（Mn + Li CO ）以预锂化形式用作阳极，商业活性炭（AC）用作阴极组装 LIC，在 25°C 时可提供 169.4 Wh/kg 的最大能量密度，具有超过 15,000 次循环的超长耐用性。即使在-5 和 50°C 等各种环境下，该 LIC 也分别能够提供 53.8 和 119.5 Wh/kg 的能量密度。值得注意的是，构建的 AC/Mn + Li CO 基 LIC 在所有温度条件下连续 1000 次循环中表现出良好的循环性能，始终保持>91%的保留率。
