Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS "Burlo Garofolo," Trieste, Italy.
J Dent Res. 2023 Mar;102(3):254-262. doi: 10.1177/00220345221145673. Epub 2023 Jan 24.
There have been significant advances in adhesive dentistry in recent decades, with efforts being made to improve the mechanical and bonding properties of resin-based dental adhesive materials. Various attempts have been made to achieve versatility, introducing functional monomers and silanes into the materials' composition to enable the chemical reaction with tooth structure and restorative materials and a multimode use. The novel adhesive materials also tend to be simpler in terms of clinical use, requiring reduced number of steps, making them less technique sensitive. However, these materials must also be reliable and have a long-lasting bond with different substrates. In order to fulfill these arduous tasks, different chemical constituents and different techniques are continuously being developed and introduced into dental adhesive materials. This critical review aims to discuss the concepts behind novel monomers, bioactive molecules, and alternative techniques recently implemented in adhesive dentistry. Incorporating monomers that are more resistant to hydrolytic degradation and functional monomers that enhance the micromechanical retention and improve chemical interactions between adhesive resin materials and various substrates improved the performance of adhesive materials. The current trend is to blend bioactive molecules into adhesive materials to enhance the mechanical properties and prevent endogenous enzymatic degradation of the dental substrate, thus ensuring the longevity of resin-dentin bonds. Moreover, alternative etching materials and techniques have been developed to address the drawbacks of phosphoric acid dentin etching. Altogether, we are witnessing a dynamic era in adhesive dentistry, with advancements aiming to bring us closer to simple and reliable bonding. However, simplification and novelty should not be achieved at the expense of material properties.
近几十年来，黏结牙科取得了重大进展，人们努力改善基于树脂的牙科黏结材料的机械性能和黏结性能。为了实现多功能性，各种尝试都将功能性单体和硅烷引入到材料的组成中，以实现与牙体结构和修复材料的化学反应，并实现多模式使用。新型黏结材料在临床使用上也趋于更简单，需要的步骤更少，技术敏感性更低。然而，这些材料也必须可靠，并且与不同的基底具有持久的黏结力。为了完成这些艰巨的任务，不同的化学成分和不同的技术不断被开发并引入到牙科黏结材料中。本综述旨在讨论黏结牙科中最近应用的新型单体、生物活性分子和替代技术背后的概念。引入更能抵抗水解降解的单体和增强微机械保持力的功能性单体，改善了黏结材料的性能。目前的趋势是将生物活性分子混合到黏结材料中，以增强机械性能并防止牙本质内源性酶降解，从而确保树脂-牙本质黏结的耐久性。此外，还开发了替代蚀刻材料和技术来解决磷酸牙本质蚀刻的缺点。总之，我们正处于黏结牙科的动态时代，进步旨在使我们更接近简单可靠的黏结。然而，简化和创新不应以牺牲材料性能为代价。
