Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
PLoS One. 2023 Jan 25;18(1):e0279965. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279965. eCollection 2023.
The objective of our study was to describe time trends in body height according to attained educational level in women and men in Norway.
We used previously collected data from six repeated cross-sectional studies in the population based Tromsø Study 1979-2016. Measured body height in cm and self-reported educational level were the primary outcome measures. We included 31 466 women and men aged 30-49 years, born between 1930 and 1977. Participants were stratified by 10-year birth cohorts and allocated into four groups based on attained levels of education. Descriptive statistics was used to estimate mean body height and calculate height differences between groups with different educational levels.
Mean body height increased by 3.4 cm (95% confidence interval (CI) 3.0, 3.8) in women (162.5-165.9 cm) and men (175.9-179.3 cm) between 1930 and 1977. The height difference between groups with primary education compared to long tertiary education was 5.1 cm (95% CI 3.7, 6.5) in women (161.6-166.7 cm) and 4.3 cm (95% CI 3.3, 5.3) in men (175.0-179.3 cm) born in 1930-39. The height differences between these educational groups were reduced to 3.0 cm (95% CI 1.9, 4.1) in women (163.6-166.6 cm) and 2.0 cm (95% CI 0.9, 3.1) in men (178.3-180.3 cm) born in 1970-77.
Body height increased in women and men. Women and men with long tertiary education had the highest mean body height, which remained stable across all birth cohorts. Women and men in the three other groups had a gradual increase in height by birth cohort, reducing overall height differences between educational groups in our study population.
本研究旨在描述挪威女性和男性根据受教育程度的不同，身高随时间的变化趋势。
我们使用了先前在基于人群的特罗姆瑟研究中收集的 1979-2016 年的六次重复横断面研究的数据。以厘米为单位的测量身高和自我报告的教育水平是主要的结局测量指标。我们纳入了 31466 名年龄在 30-49 岁之间、出生于 1930 年至 1977 年之间的女性和男性。参与者按 10 年出生队列分层，并根据所获得的教育水平分为四组。采用描述性统计方法估计平均身高，并计算不同教育水平组之间的身高差异。
在女性（162.5-165.9 厘米）和男性（175.9-179.3 厘米）中，1930 年至 1977 年间，平均身高分别增加了 3.4 厘米（95%置信区间[CI]：3.0-3.8）。与接受长期高等教育的人群相比，接受小学教育的人群身高差异分别为 5.1 厘米（95%CI：3.7-6.5）（女性 161.6-166.7 厘米）和 4.3 厘米（95%CI：3.3-5.3）（男性 175.0-179.3 厘米），这些差异在 1930-1939 年出生的人群中有所缩小，分别为 3.0 厘米（95%CI：1.9-4.1）（女性 163.6-166.6 厘米）和 2.0 厘米（95%CI：0.9-3.1）（男性 178.3-180.3 厘米）。
女性和男性的身高均有所增加。接受长期高等教育的女性和男性平均身高最高，且在所有出生队列中保持稳定。在我们的研究人群中，其他三组女性和男性的身高随着出生队列逐渐增加，从而降低了受教育程度不同的人群之间的整体身高差异。
