Ufa Eye Research Institute, Ufa, Russia.
Ufa Eye Institute, Ufa, Russia.
PLoS One. 2023 Jan 25;18(1):e0279020. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0279020. eCollection 2023.
To explore an influence of the COVID-19-related lockdown on ocular axial elongation in school children in Russia.
The participants of the school-based Ufa Children Myopia Study in Ufa/Russia underwent, at baseline in 2019/2020 before the COVID-19 outbreak and after a COVID-19-related lockdown, a detailed interview and ophthalmological examination including laser interferometric biometry for axial length measurement.
The study included 461 children (age:10.7±2.1 years;range:6.8-16.9 years). The mean follow-up was 1.41±0.33 years. Mean axial length at baseline was 23.96±0.95mm and 23.94±0.95mm in the right and left eyes, respectively. During the study period, annual axial elongation (right/left eyes) was 0.19±0.17mm/0.19±0.22mm. Before the COVID-19 lockdown, the age-dependent coefficient for axial length (ADCAL) for the right/left eyes was 0.21mm (95%CI:0.17,0.25)/0.20mm (95%CI:0.16,0.24). In children younger than 9.6 years (n = 157), annual axial elongation (right eyes) during the study period was larger than the ADCAL before the COVID-19 outbreak (0.29 mm (95%:0.00,0.66) versus 0.21 mm (95%CI:0.02,0.41)). In the groups aged 9.6 to 11.4 years (n = 148) and aged >11.4 years (n = 156), annual axial elongation during the study period was comparable to the ADCAL before the COVID-19 outbreak (0.18mm (95%CI:-0.07,0.46) versus 0.22mm (95%CI:-0.05,0.48), and (0.09mm (95%CI:-0.15,0.34) versus 0.14mm (95%CI:0.00,0.28), respectively). In children aged ≤9 years at study end, axial length at study end was 0.20 mm larger than axial length at baseline in the participants aged ≤9 years at baseline. Larger axial elongation during the study period was associated (multivariable analysis) with younger age (beta:-0.62;P<0.001), female sex (beta:0.21;P<0.001), longer study period (beta:0.22;P<0.001), and longer axial length at baseline (beta:0.28;P<0.001), and marginally, with less time spent outdoors (beta:-0.07;P = 0.06).
The COVID-19-related lockdown in the Russian city of Ufa was associated with a relatively minor increase in axial elongation, detected only in children aged <9.6 years.
探讨 COVID-19 相关封锁对俄罗斯学童眼球轴向伸长的影响。
在 2019/2020 年 COVID-19 爆发之前和之后的俄罗斯乌法基于学校的乌法儿童近视研究中，对参与者进行了详细的访谈和眼科检查，包括激光干涉生物测量法进行眼轴长度测量。
该研究纳入了 461 名儿童（年龄：10.7±2.1 岁；范围：6.8-16.9 岁）。平均随访时间为 1.41±0.33 年。基线时右眼和左眼的平均眼轴长度分别为 23.96±0.95mm 和 23.94±0.95mm。在研究期间，右眼/左眼的年轴伸长率（右/左眼）分别为 0.19±0.17mm/0.19±0.22mm。在 COVID-19 封锁之前，右眼/左眼的眼轴年龄依赖性系数（ADCAL）分别为 0.21mm（95%CI：0.17，0.25）/0.20mm（95%CI：0.16，0.24）。在年龄小于 9.6 岁的儿童（n=157）中，研究期间的年轴伸长率（右眼）大于 COVID-19 爆发前的 ADCAL（0.29mm（95%：0.00，0.66）与 0.21mm（95%CI：0.02，0.41））。在年龄为 9.6 至 11.4 岁的组（n=148）和年龄大于 11.4 岁的组（n=156）中，研究期间的年轴伸长率与 COVID-19 爆发前的 ADCAL 相当（0.18mm（95%CI：-0.07，0.46）与 0.22mm（95%CI：-0.05，0.48），和（0.09mm（95%CI：-0.15，0.34）与 0.14mm（95%CI：0.00，0.28））。在研究结束时年龄≤9 岁的儿童中，研究结束时的眼轴长度比基线时年龄≤9 岁的参与者的眼轴长度长 0.20mm。研究期间较大的眼轴伸长率与年龄较小（β：-0.62；P<0.001）、女性（β：0.21；P<0.001）、研究时间较长（β：0.22；P<0.001）和基线眼轴较长（β：0.28；P<0.001）相关，与户外活动时间较短（β：-0.07；P=0.06）呈边缘相关。
俄罗斯乌法市的 COVID-19 相关封锁与眼轴伸长的相对较小增加有关，仅在年龄<9.6 岁的儿童中检测到。
