Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases, Shanghai, China.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2021 Aug 2;62(10):37. doi: 10.1167/iovs.62.10.37.
To investigate the effect of home quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic on myopia progression in children and its associated factors.
Myopic children aged 7 to 12 years with regular follow-up visits every half a year from April 2019 to May 2020 were included. Cycloplegic refraction was measured at baseline and at two follow-up visits. The first follow-up visit (visit 1) was conducted before the COVID-19 home quarantine, whereas the second (visit 2) was four months after the home quarantine. Myopia progression at visits 1 and 2 were compared. Factors associated with changes in myopia progression were tested with a multiple regression analysis.
In total, 201 myopic children were enrolled. There was a significantly greater change in spherical equivalent at visit 2 (-0.98 ± 0.52 D) than at visit 1 (-0.39 ± 0.58 D; P < 0.001). Students were reported to have spent more time on digital devices for online learning (P < 0.001) and less time on outdoor activities (P < 0.001) at visit 2 than at visit 1. Children using television and projectors had significantly less myopic shift than those using tablets and mobile phones (P < 0.001). More time spent on digital screens (β = 0.211, P < 0.001), but not less time on outdoor activities (β = -0.106, P = 0.110), was associated with greater myopia progression at visit 2.
Changes in behavior and myopic progression were found during the COVID-19 home quarantine. Myopic progression was associated with digital screen use for online learning, but not time spent on outdoor activities. The projector and television could be better choices for online learning.
探讨 COVID-19 大流行期间居家隔离对儿童近视进展的影响及其相关因素。
本研究纳入了 2019 年 4 月至 2020 年 5 月期间定期每半年随访的 7 至 12 岁近视儿童。在基线和两次随访时进行睫状肌麻痹验光。第一次随访（访视 1）在 COVID-19 居家隔离之前进行，第二次（访视 2）在居家隔离四个月后进行。比较访视 1 和访视 2 时的近视进展情况。采用多元回归分析测试与近视进展变化相关的因素。
共纳入 201 名近视儿童。与访视 1 相比，访视 2 时球镜度数的变化明显更大（-0.98 ± 0.52 D），而访视 1 时为-0.39 ± 0.58 D（P < 0.001）。与访视 1 相比，访视 2 时学生报告用于在线学习的数字设备时间更多（P < 0.001），户外活动时间更少（P < 0.001）。与使用平板电脑和手机的儿童相比，使用电视和投影仪的儿童近视进展明显较少（P < 0.001）。更多的时间花在电子屏幕上（β = 0.211，P < 0.001），而不是更少的时间花在户外活动上（β = -0.106，P = 0.110），与访视 2 时更大的近视进展相关。
在 COVID-19 居家隔离期间，行为和近视进展发生了变化。近视进展与在线学习使用数字屏幕有关，但与户外活动时间无关。投影仪和电视可能是在线学习的更好选择。
