以发酵饲料替代产蛋后期蛋鸡日粮中的豆粕：对产蛋性能、蛋品质、养分消化率、肠道健康、卵泡发育和生物学参数的影响。

Dietary replacement of soybean meal by fermented feedstuffs for aged laying hens: effects on laying performance, egg quality, nutrient digestibility, intestinal health, follicle development, and biological parameters in a long-term feeding period.

机构信息

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China.

出版信息

Poult Sci. 2023 Mar;102(3):102478. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102478. Epub 2023 Jan 6.

DOI:10.1016/j.psj.2023.102478

PMID:36696763

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9879788/

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with fermented soybean meal (FSM) or fermented miscellaneous meal (FMM, cottonseed meal: coconut meal = at a 1:1 ratio) on the intestinal health, laying performance, egg quality, and follicle development of laying hens. A total of 1,008 54-wk-old laying hens were randomly divided into 7 treatment groups and fed a corn-soybean base diet in addition to 2%, 4%, and 8% FSM or FMM. The results showed that fermentation increased the contents of crude protein, amino acids (Ser, Gly, Cys, Leu, Lys, His, and Arg), and organic acids (butyric acid, citric acid, succinic acid) and decreased the contents of neutral and acid detergent fiber in the soybean and miscellaneous meals (P < 0.05). Compared with the results found for the control group, feeding with 4% FSM increased the egg production, egg mass and average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feeding with 4% FMM increased the ADFI of laying hens (P < 0.05). Furthermore, feeding with 8% FMM reduced the productive performance and laying performance, supplementation with 4% FSM increased the eggshell strength and weight, and 2 to 4% FSM increased the egg albumen height and Haugh unit (P < 0.05). Moreover, 2 to 8% FSM or 2 to 4% FMM enhanced the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, and NDF for laying hens (P < 0.05). The relative weight, villus height, crypt depth, and villus:crypt ratio of the jejunum were higher in the 4% FSM- and FMM-fed groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, diamine oxidase (DAO) activity, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and the expression of tight junction proteins (ZO-1, Occluding, and Claudin1), the intestinal stem cell marker Lgr5, and the proliferation cell marker proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was upregulated in the jejunum of laying hens fed 4% FSM and FMM (P < 0.05). The relative weight of the ovaries, and the number of small yellow follicles and large white follicles were elevated after 4% FSM or FMM supplementation. Furthermore, the levels of serum follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were increased in the 4% FSM and FMM groups (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of laying hen feed with FSM and FMM improved the laying performance, egg quality, intestinal barrier function, and follicle development of aged laying hens, and 4% FSM supplementation was optimal.

摘要

本研究旨在探讨饲粮中添加发酵豆粕（FSM）或发酵杂粕（FMM，棉籽粕：椰子粕=1:1）对蛋鸡肠道健康、产蛋性能、蛋品质和卵泡发育的影响。将 1008 只 54 周龄产蛋鸡随机分为 7 个处理组，除了饲喂玉米-豆粕基础饲粮外，还分别饲喂 2%、4%和 8%的 FSM 或 FMM。结果表明，发酵提高了豆粕和杂粕中粗蛋白、氨基酸（Ser、Gly、Cys、Leu、Lys、His 和 Arg）和有机酸（丁酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸）的含量，降低了中性和酸性洗涤纤维的含量（P<0.05）。与对照组相比，饲粮中添加 4%的 FSM 提高了蛋鸡的产蛋率、蛋重和平均日采食量（ADFI），而饲粮中添加 4%的 FMM 提高了 ADFI（P<0.05）。此外，饲粮中添加 8%的 FMM 降低了产蛋性能和产蛋性能，添加 4%的 FSM 提高了蛋壳强度和重量，添加 2%至 4%的 FSM 提高了蛋白蛋白高度和哈格单位（P<0.05）。此外，2%至 8%的 FSM 或 2%至 4%的 FMM 提高了蛋鸡对干物质、粗蛋白和 NDF 的表观消化率（P<0.05）。在 FSM 和 FMM 喂养组中，空肠的相对重量、绒毛高度、隐窝深度和绒毛：隐窝比更高（P<0.05）。此外，空肠中二胺氧化酶（DAO）活性、跨上皮电阻（TEER）以及紧密连接蛋白（ZO-1、Occluding 和 Claudin1）、肠干细胞标记物 Lgr5 和增殖细胞核抗原（PCNA）的表达上调（P<0.05）。饲粮中添加 4%的 FSM 和 FMM 后，卵巢的相对重量以及小黄卵泡和大白卵泡的数量增加。此外，FSM 和 FMM 组血清卵泡刺激素和黄体生成素水平升高（P<0.05）。总之，饲粮中添加 FSM 和 FMM 提高了老龄蛋鸡的产蛋性能、蛋品质、肠道屏障功能和卵泡发育，以添加 4%的 FSM 效果最佳。