Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Eur Respir Rev. 2023 Jan 25;32(167). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0185-2022. Print 2023 Mar 31.
Accurate diagnosis and subsequent therapeutic options in pulmonary diseases mainly rely on imaging methods and histological assessment. However, imaging examinations are hampered by the limited spatial resolution of images and most procedures that are related to histological assessment are invasive with associated complications. As a result, a high-resolution imaging technology - confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE), which is at the forefront and enables real-time microscopic visualisation of the morphologies and architectures of tissues or cells - has been developed to resolve the clinical dilemma pertaining to current techniques. The current evidence has shown that CLE has the potential to facilitate advanced diagnostic capabilities, to monitor and to aid the tailored treatment regime for patients with pulmonary diseases, as well as to expand the horizon for unravelling the mechanism and therapeutic targets of pulmonary diseases. In the future, if CLE can be combined with artificial intelligence, early, rapid and accurate diagnosis will be achieved through identifying the images automatically. As promising as this technique may be, further investigations are required before it can enter routine clinical practice.
准确的诊断和随后的治疗方案主要依赖于影像学方法和组织学评估。然而，影像学检查受到图像空间分辨率的限制，而大多数与组织学评估相关的程序都是具有潜在并发症的有创性操作。因此，为了解决当前技术所面临的临床困境，一种高分辨率的成像技术——共聚焦激光内镜检查（CLE）应运而生，它可以实时微观可视化组织或细胞的形态和结构。目前的证据表明，CLE 有可能为肺部疾病患者提供更先进的诊断能力，进行监测，并辅助制定个体化的治疗方案，同时为揭示肺部疾病的发病机制和治疗靶点提供新的思路。在未来，如果 CLE 能够与人工智能相结合，通过自动识别图像，将实现早期、快速和准确的诊断。尽管这项技术很有前途，但在其进入常规临床实践之前，还需要进一步的研究。
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