Centro de Ciências Rurais, Departamento de Solos, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, N° 1000, Bairro Camobi, Rio Grande Do Sul, CEP, 97105-900, Brazil.
Institut de Chimie Des Milieux Et Matériaux de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers, IC2MP, Poitiers, France.
Environ Monit Assess. 2023 Jan 26;195(2):328. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-10899-8.
The continuous discharge of pharmaceutical compounds into the aquatic environment has raised concerns over the contamination of water resources. Urban activities and intensive animal breeding are important sources of contamination. The accumulation of antibiotics may lead to the transfer or alternatively maintain the presence of resistance genes in natural microbial communities existing in epilithic biofilms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the pharmaceutical contamination levels and the presence of resistance genes in biofilms from a South Brazilian watershed. The Guaporé watershed exhibits a high diversity of land use, including agricultural and urban areas with differing levels of anthropogenic pressure. Seventeen sites along the Guaporé watershed were monitored. Biofilm samples were collected in two seasons (winter and summer), and the pharmaceutical concentration and quantity of resistance genes were analyzed. All monitored sites were contaminated with pharmaceuticals. Agricultural activities contribute through transferring pharmaceuticals derived from the application of animal waste to agricultural fields. The most contaminated site (pharmaceuticals and bacterial resistance genes) was located in an urban area exposed to high pressure. Decreases in the contamination of biofilms were also observed, exemplifying processes of natural attenuation in the watershed. The quality of the biofilms sampled throughout the watershed served as a useful tool to understand and monitor environmental pollution.
药品化合物持续排放到水环境中，引起了人们对水资源污染的关注。城市活动和集约化养殖是污染的重要来源。抗生素的积累可能导致抗生素耐药基因在自然微生物群落中的转移或存在。本研究的目的是评估巴西南部流域生物膜中的药物污染水平和耐药基因的存在。瓜波雷流域的土地利用具有多样性，包括农业和城市地区，具有不同程度的人为压力。监测了瓜波雷流域的 17 个地点。在两个季节（冬季和夏季）采集了生物膜样本，并分析了药物浓度和耐药基因的数量。所有监测点都受到药物污染。农业活动通过将动物粪便施用于农田而产生的药物进行转移，从而造成污染。污染最严重的地点（药物和细菌耐药基因）位于一个受到高强度人为压力的城市地区。生物膜污染的减少也有所观察，这表明流域中存在自然衰减过程。整个流域的生物膜质量可作为了解和监测环境污染的有用工具。
