Ziadia Hatem, Sassi Idriss, Trudeau François, Fait Philippe
Department of Anatomy, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, QC, Canada.
Front Sports Act Living. 2023 Jan 9;4:730401. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2022.730401. eCollection 2022.
The objective of this study was to identify the main determinants of heart rate variability (HRV) in male athletes aged 14 to 21 years who practice competitive contact sports and to integrate these determinants with the aim of defining normative values of short-term HRV in the time and frequency domains.
Participants ( = 369) were aged 14 to 21 years and included 221 football players and 148 ice hockey players. HRV was measured for 5 min at rest, and standard HRV parameters in the time and frequency domains were calculated. Heart rate (HR), age, body mass index (BMI), number of sports weekly practices (WSP) and concussion history (mTBI) were considered determinants potentially able to influence HRV.
Multiple regression analysis revealed that HR was the primary determinant of standard HRV parameters. The models accounted for 13% to 55% of the total variance of HRV and the contribution of HR to this model was the strongest ( ranged from -0.34 to -0.75). HR was the only determinant that significantly contributes to all HRV parameters. To counteract this dependence, we calculated HRV corrected by the mean RR interval (RRm). Such corrections do not remove any physiological differences in HRV; they simply remove the mathematical bias. HRV parameters were therefore normalized, and their normative limits were developed relative to the mean heart rate. After correction, the correlation coefficients between HR and all corrected HRV parameters were not statistically significant and ranged from -0.001 to 0.045 ( > 0.40 for all). The automatically corrected HRV calculator, which recalculates standard HRV parameters and converts them into corrected parameters in addition to determining whether a given value is within normal limits, facilitates clinical interpretation.
This study provides for the first time corrected normative values of short-term and resting state HRV parameters in competitive contact sport athletes aged 14 to 21 years. These values were developed independently of the major determinants of HRV. The baseline values for HRV parameters given here could be used in clinical practice when assessing and monitoring cerebral concussions. They may assist in decision making for a safe return to play.
本研究的目的是确定14至21岁从事竞技性接触运动的男性运动员心率变异性（HRV）的主要决定因素，并整合这些决定因素，以定义时域和频域中短期HRV的规范值。
参与者（n = 369）年龄在14至21岁之间，包括221名足球运动员和148名冰球运动员。在静息状态下测量5分钟的HRV，并计算时域和频域中的标准HRV参数。心率（HR）、年龄、体重指数（BMI）、每周运动次数（WSP）和脑震荡史（mTBI）被视为可能影响HRV的决定因素。
多元回归分析显示，HR是标准HRV参数的主要决定因素。这些模型解释了HRV总方差的13%至55%，HR对该模型的贡献最强（范围为-0.34至-0.75）。HR是唯一对所有HRV参数有显著贡献的决定因素。为了抵消这种依赖性，我们计算了通过平均RR间期（RRm）校正的HRV。这种校正不会消除HRV中的任何生理差异；它们只是消除了数学偏差。因此，HRV参数被标准化，并相对于平均心率制定了其规范限值。校正后，HR与所有校正后的HRV参数之间的相关系数无统计学意义，范围为-0.001至0.045（所有P>0.40）。自动校正的HRV计算器除了确定给定值是否在正常范围内外，还会重新计算标准HRV参数并将其转换为校正后的参数，便于临床解释。
本研究首次提供了14至21岁竞技性接触运动运动员短期静息状态HRV参数的校正规范值。这些值是独立于HRV的主要决定因素得出的。这里给出的HRV参数基线值可用于临床实践中评估和监测脑震荡。它们可能有助于做出安全重返比赛的决策。
