Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Private Practice, Budapest, Hungary.
Periodontol 2000. 2023 Feb;91(1):126-144. doi: 10.1111/prd.12479. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
Vertical ridge augmentation is one of the most challenging procedures in implant dentistry because of the advanced skills required by the operator and the fact that bone augmentation is aimed outside the bony contour, in an environment of reduced blood supply. What is more, the flap management required to ensure soft tissue closure frequently leads to associated comorbidities in terms of swelling and hematomas. For these reasons, and even if autologous onlay block grafts are still the gold standard, new techniques and biomaterials have favored the development of potentially less invasive approaches. The present work evaluates the most recent strategies in vertical ridge augmentation to reduce invasiveness and complications, including diagnostic/treatment planning considerations, surgical techniques, digital tools (eg, customized titanium meshes/membranes or bone blocks), and future trends in the field of tissue engineering and cell therapy.
垂直骨增量是种植牙科中最具挑战性的手术之一，这是因为手术操作者需要具备高超的技能，并且骨增量的目的是在骨质轮廓之外进行，在这种情况下，血液供应会减少。更有甚者，为了确保软组织封闭而需要进行的瓣管理常常会导致肿胀和血肿等相关并发症。出于这些原因，即使自体骨块移植仍然是金标准，但新技术和生物材料已经支持了潜在的微创方法的发展。本研究评估了减少侵入性和并发症的最新垂直骨增量策略，包括诊断/治疗计划的考虑、手术技术、数字工具（例如，定制钛网/膜或骨块）以及组织工程和细胞治疗领域的未来趋势。
