Department of Biological Sciences & Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IITK), Kanpur, 208016, India.
Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIHER), Wardha, 442107, India.
J Fluoresc. 2023 Jul;33(4):1375-1383. doi: 10.1007/s10895-023-03152-z. Epub 2023 Jan 26.
Progression of oral mucosal lesions is generally marked by changes in the concentration of the intrinsic fluorophores such as collagen, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and porphyrin present in the human oral tissue. In this study, we have probed the changes in FAD and porphyrin by exciting with 405 nm laser light on different sites (tongue, buccal mucosa, lip etc.) of the oral cavity. Testing has been done by an in-house developed fluorescence-based portable imaging device on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients, dysplastic patients and control (normal) group. Fluorescence images recorded from OSCC and dysplastic patients have displayed an enhancement in the red band (porphyrin) as compared to those from the normal volunteers. Porphyrin to FAD intensity ratio (I/I), referred to red to green ratio (I/I) has been taken as the diagnostic marker for classification among the groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis applied on I/I is able to discriminate OSCC to normal, dysplasia to normal and OSCC to dysplasia with sensitivities of 100%, 81%, 92% and specificities of 100%, 93% and 92% respectively. Fluorescence imaging probe can capture a large area of oral lesions in a single scan and hence would be useful for initial scanning. On comparison with spectroscopy studies performed by our group, it is found that combining both spectroscopy and imaging as a device may be effective for the early detection of oral lesions. This clinical study was registered on the date 13/10/2017 in the clinical trials registry-India (CTRI) with registration number CTRI/2017/10/010102.
口腔黏膜病变的进展通常以固有荧光团（如胶原蛋白、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NADH）、黄素腺嘌呤二核苷酸（FAD）和卟啉）的浓度变化为特征，这些荧光团存在于人体口腔组织中。在这项研究中，我们通过用 405nm 激光激发口腔不同部位（舌、颊黏膜、唇等）来探测 FAD 和卟啉的变化。在口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）患者、发育不良患者和对照组（正常）中，使用内部开发的基于荧光的便携式成像设备进行了测试。与正常志愿者相比，OSCC 和发育不良患者的荧光图像显示红色波段（卟啉）增强。卟啉与 FAD 强度比（I/I），也称为红/绿比（I/I），已被用作组间分类的诊断标志物。应用于 I/I 的接收者操作特性（ROC）分析能够区分 OSCC 与正常、发育不良与正常以及 OSCC 与发育不良，其敏感性分别为 100%、81%、92%，特异性分别为 100%、93%和 92%。荧光成像探头可以在单次扫描中捕获大面积的口腔病变，因此对于初始扫描很有用。与我们小组进行的光谱研究相比，发现将光谱和成像结合作为一种设备可能对口腔病变的早期检测有效。这项临床研究于 2017 年 10 月 13 日在印度临床试验注册处（CTRI）注册，注册号为 CTRI/2017/10/010102。
