Romito Giovanni, Castagna Prisca, Sabetti Maria Chiara, Cipone Mario
1Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy.
2Freelance veterinary cardiologist, Bologna, Italy.
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2023 Jan 25;261(5):688-695. doi: 10.2460/javma.22.12.0542. Print 2023 May 1.
To describe the ECG findings in 3 different canine brachycephalic breeds: the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel, the Pug, and the English Bulldog (EB).
135 healthy dogs (50 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, 50 Pugs, and 35 EBs).
Medical records were retrospectively reviewed to identify healthy dogs ≥ 1 year old that had undergone an ECG. The Mann-Whitney U test or the Student t test were used to compare continuous variables between male and female dogs, whereas the χ2 test was used for categorical variables. Spearman correlation coefficients between ECG measurements and age and body weight were also calculated in the case of continuous variables, whereas the Kruskal-Wallis test was used for categorical ones.
Electrocardiographic parameters of healthy Cavalier King Charles Spaniels overall fitted with traditional reference intervals cited in textbooks; in contrast, 28% of Pugs and 20% of EBs showed a shift of the QRS-complex mean electrical axis (QRS-MEA). In Pugs and EBs, the mean/median QRS-MEA value was 56° (from 0° to 100°) and 59° (from 20° to 100°), respectively. All axis shifts were left shifts (in Pugs, from 0° to 34°; in EBs, 20° to 39°). Only a few meaningful differences were found when comparing ECG variables between males and females. Similarly, only 1 statistically significant correlation was found between ECG parameters and age and body weight.
Healthy Pugs and EBs present a trend to a left shift of the QRS-MEA. This should be considered when interpreting ECG tracings in these breeds.
描述三种不同的短头犬品种（查理士王小猎犬、哈巴狗和英国斗牛犬）的心电图表现。
135只健康犬（50只查理士王小猎犬、50只哈巴狗和35只英国斗牛犬）。
回顾性查阅病历，以确定年龄≥1岁且接受过心电图检查的健康犬。采用曼-惠特尼U检验或学生t检验比较雄性和雌性犬之间的连续变量，而χ²检验用于分类变量。对于连续变量，还计算了心电图测量值与年龄和体重之间的斯皮尔曼相关系数，而分类变量则采用克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验。
健康查理士王小猎犬的心电图参数总体上符合教科书中引用的传统参考区间；相比之下，28%的哈巴狗和20%的英国斗牛犬出现QRS波群平均电轴（QRS-MEA）偏移。在哈巴狗和英国斗牛犬中，平均/中位数QRS-MEA值分别为56°（范围0°至100°）和59°（范围20°至100°）。所有电轴偏移均为左偏（哈巴狗中为0°至34°；英国斗牛犬中为20°至39°）。比较雄性和雌性犬的心电图变量时，仅发现少数有意义的差异。同样，在心电图参数与年龄和体重之间仅发现1个具有统计学意义的相关性。
健康的哈巴狗和英国斗牛犬呈现QRS-MEA左偏的趋势。在解读这些品种的心电图时应考虑到这一点。
