Tam Anh TP. Ho Chi Minh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam.
Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2023 Jan 26;18(1):e0278702. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0278702. eCollection 2023.
The study aimed to determine potential risk factors associated with Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.
Three hundred two female student participants who were 18-45 years old completed a questionnaire including demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and a Vietnamese Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool. We then followed up participants during at least two menstrual cycles using the Daily Record of Severity of Problems. The Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder diagnosis was established using The Carolina Premenstrual Assessment Scoring System, based on the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
According to the Carolina Premenstrual Assessment Scoring System, 35 out of 302 students (11.6%; 95%CI: 8.2-15.7%) met the diagnosis of PMS (31 students) or PMDD (4 students). We found that age at menarche (PR = 0.77, 95%CI: 0.63-0.96), having negative Rh blood type (PR = 4.43, 95%CI: 1.95 to 10.08), being moderately depressed or higher (PR = 2.81, 95%CI: 1.24 to 6.36), and consuming caffeine more than three times per week were statistically associated with having Premenstrual Syndrome or Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder after adjusting for other variables.
The prominent risk factors for Premenstrual Syndrome and Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder were negative Rhesus blood type, menarche age, caffeine consumption, and self-reported depression.
本研究旨在确定与经前期综合征和经前期烦躁障碍相关的潜在风险因素。
302 名年龄在 18-45 岁的女性学生参与者完成了一份问卷，其中包括人口统计学特征、生活方式因素以及越南经前期综合征筛查工具。然后，我们使用每日问题严重程度记录在至少两个月经周期内对参与者进行随访。根据美国妇产科医师学会和《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》制定的卡罗莱纳经前期评估评分系统，使用经前期综合征和经前期烦躁障碍诊断。
根据卡罗莱纳经前期评估评分系统，302 名学生中有 35 名（11.6%；95%CI：8.2-15.7%）符合经前期综合征（31 名学生）或经前期烦躁障碍（4 名学生）的诊断标准。我们发现，初潮年龄（PR = 0.77，95%CI：0.63-0.96）、Rh 阴性血型（PR = 4.43，95%CI：1.95 至 10.08）、中度或更高程度抑郁（PR = 2.81，95%CI：1.24 至 6.36）以及每周饮用咖啡因超过 3 次与调整其他变量后出现经前期综合征或经前期烦躁障碍有统计学关联。
经前期综合征和经前期烦躁障碍的主要危险因素是 Rh 阴性血型、初潮年龄、咖啡因摄入和自我报告的抑郁。
