Prevalence and Correlations of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder: A Sample of Adult Working Women.

BACKGROUND

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) represents a significant psychiatric condition affecting women of reproductive age. It is characterized by cyclical emotional and physical symptoms that considerably impair psychosocial functioning. This study aims to investigate the prevalence of PMDD among adult working women and identify associated etiological factors.

METHODS

From January 2022 to March 2022, a cross-sectional study utilizing cluster sampling methodology was conducted to investigate the prevalence of PMDD among adult working women in six communities in Hangzhou (China). A total of 1710 participants were selected for research through a questionnaire-based survey. To elucidate the factors associated with PMDD, logistic regression analysis was employed.

RESULTS

Among 1710 working women, 52 had PMDD, representing an incidence of 3.04%. Age (odds ratio (OR) = 3.196, p = 0.002), age at menarche (OR = 0.362, p = 0.011), income (OR = 0.449, p = 0.043), menstrual cycle (OR = 2.352, p = 0.022), menstrual symptoms (OR = 0.317, p = 0.003), physical activity (OR = 2.234, p = 0.028), and caffeine intake (OR = 2.318, p = 0.022) were independent influencing factors of PMDD in adult working women.

CONCLUSIONS

The study highlights that PMDD, which has a prevalence of 3.04% in the surveyed population, is a notable concern among adult working women. Key factors, such as age, age at menarche, income level, menstrual cycle characteristics, menstrual symptom presence, physical activity, and caffeine intake, significantly contribute to the likelihood of developing PMDD. These findings underscore the importance of recognizing and monitoring the above risk factors by clinicians to identify and manage PMDD in working women.