Christie D, Robinson K, Gordon I, Webley C, Bisby J
Department of Community Medicine, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Vic.
Med J Aust. 1987 Sep 7;147(5):222, 224-5. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.1987.tb133412.x.
A surveillance system, to monitor mortality and cancer morbidity on a continuing basis, has been established in the Australian petroleum industry. A baseline survey of 11,573 employees, by personal interview, was carried out in 1981-1983. By the end of June 1986, 33,712 person-years of observation in men had accrued, with 109 deaths. Standardized mortality ratios, with the Australian national death rates as reference, indicate that in terms of mortality from all causes and in mortality from the more common diseases, the death rates in this population are substantially lower than in the national population. Standardization was also carried out in the case of employed men, with data from contributors to the Commonwealth superannuation fund as reference, in order to provide a more appropriate contrast. The risks of tobacco smoking are demonstrated, as is the probable protective effect of mild-to-moderate alcohol consumption. The advantages to the occupational physician in being able to describe current mortality patterns, and in being able to delineate "at-risk" groups are discussed, particularly in the context of health promotion and other interventions.
澳大利亚石油行业已建立了一个持续监测死亡率和癌症发病率的监测系统。1981年至1983年，通过个人访谈对11573名员工进行了基线调查。到1986年6月底，男性累积了33712人年的观察数据，其中有109人死亡。以澳大利亚全国死亡率为参照的标准化死亡率表明，就所有原因导致的死亡率以及较常见疾病的死亡率而言，该人群的死亡率显著低于全国人口。为了提供更合适的对比，还以英联邦退休金基金缴款人的数据为参照，对在职男性进行了标准化。研究表明了吸烟的风险，以及轻度至中度饮酒可能具有的保护作用。文中讨论了职业医生能够描述当前死亡率模式以及划定“高危”群体的优势，特别是在健康促进和其他干预措施的背景下。
