Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China.
J Infect Public Health. 2023 Mar;16(3):368-375. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.01.014. Epub 2023 Jan 20.
Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death from a single infectious disease and ranks 13th among the leading causes of death worldwide. In this study, we aimed to report the burden of TB in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 by sex, age, and socio-demographic index (SDI).
Annual death number, age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR), and age-standardized disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates (ASDR) with a 95% uncertainty interval (UI) of TB were derived from the global burden of disease (GBD) 2019 for the time period between 1990 and 2019. The association between the burden of TB and SDI was also investigated.
The total death number related to TB decreased by 33.6%, from 1777.5 in 1990-1179.8 in 2019, per 1000 individuals. The global ASMR and ASDR for TB were 14.64 (13.39-16.03) and 590.42 (536.85-646.42), which were 63.5% and 62.8% lower than in 1990, respectively. South Asia, Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and Western Sub-Saharan Africa had the largest number of TB deaths in 2019. Central Sub-Saharan Africa was the region with the highest ASMR and ASDR in 2019. India had the highest number of TB deaths, and the Central African Republic and Switzerland had the highest and lowest ASMR per 100,000 individuals, respectively. The number of deaths and DALYs were higher in males than in females and the ASDR significantly increased from the 10-14-year-old age group to the 80-84-year-old age group in both sexes. Most cases of TB were caused by drug-susceptible TB. A negative association between the regional SDI and the ASDR of TB was found.
From 1990-2019, TB death number, ASMR, and ASDR decreased. It is important to note that, despite the decreasing burden of TB, it remains a major public health problem, especially in low SDI countries. It is necessary to design and implement suitable strategies to address the current situation.
结核病（TB）是由单一传染病导致的死亡的主要原因，在全球死亡原因中排名第 13 位。在这项研究中，我们旨在按性别、年龄和社会人口指数（SDI）报告 204 个国家和地区 1990 年至 2019 年的结核病负担。
从全球疾病负担（GBD）2019 年获得了 1990 年至 2019 年期间每年与结核病相关的死亡人数、年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）和年龄标准化伤残调整生命年（DALY）率（ASDR），置信区间（95%UI）。还研究了结核病负担与 SDI 之间的关系。
与结核病相关的死亡总数减少了 33.6%，从 1990 年的 1777.5 人减少到 2019 年的 1179.8 人。全球结核病的 ASMR 和 ASDR 分别为 14.64（13.39-16.03）和 590.42（536.85-646.42），比 1990 年分别下降了 63.5%和 62.8%。2019 年，南亚、东撒哈拉非洲、东南亚和西撒哈拉非洲的结核病死亡人数最多。撒哈拉以南非洲中部是 2019 年 ASMR 和 ASDR 最高的地区。印度的结核病死亡人数最多，而中非共和国和瑞士的每 10 万人 ASMR 最低和最高。男性的死亡人数和 DALYs 高于女性，男女两性的 ASDR 从 10-14 岁年龄组到 80-84 岁年龄组均显著增加。大多数结核病病例是由药物敏感结核病引起的。发现区域 SDI 与结核病的 ASDR 之间存在负相关关系。
从 1990 年至 2019 年，结核病死亡人数、ASMR 和 ASDR 有所下降。需要注意的是，尽管结核病负担有所减轻，但它仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题，特别是在 SDI 较低的国家。有必要设计和实施合适的策略来解决当前的情况。
