Diao Tongxiang, Chen Yurun, Jing Yuanyuan, Ma Xin
Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Front Neurosci. 2023 Jan 10;16:1076109. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1076109. eCollection 2022.
The present study aimed to explore the pathogenesis of the ascending sudden sensorineural hearing (SSNHL) loss by comparing the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute low-frequency hearing loss (ALFHL) and ascending SSNHL.
A total of 43 patients with ALFHL and 122 patients with ascending SSNHL were enrolled in this study. First, the prognosis of patients with ALFHL and ascending SSNHL were compared, and the prognostic factors of AFHL and ascending SSNHL were analyzed.
Acute low-frequency hearing loss and ascending SSNHL have no remarkable difference in complete recovery rate. Compared to ascending SSNHL, ALFHL has younger onset age, female prevalence, lower hearing threshold, shorter time from onset to recovery, and a lower proportion of combined tinnitus. The PTA at admission and delay from onset to therapy were significantly related to the prognosis of patients with ascending SSNHL, while only delay from onset to therapy was significantly related to the prognosis of patients with ALFHL. The majority of patients with ascending SSNHL and ALFHL recovered completely within 10 days from onset.
Audiogram shape plays a critical role in the prognosis of SSNHL. Ascending SSNHL and ALFHL may share a common pathological mechanism.
本研究旨在通过比较急性低频听力损失（ALFHL）和渐进性突发性感音神经性听力损失（SSNHL）的临床特征及预后，探讨渐进性SSNHL听力损失的发病机制。
本研究共纳入43例ALFHL患者和122例渐进性SSNHL患者。首先，比较ALFHL患者和渐进性SSNHL患者的预后，并分析AFHL和渐进性SSNHL的预后因素。
急性低频听力损失和渐进性SSNHL在完全恢复率方面无显著差异。与渐进性SSNHL相比，ALFHL发病年龄更小、女性患病率更高、听力阈值更低、从发病到恢复的时间更短，且合并耳鸣的比例更低。入院时的纯音听阈均值（PTA）以及从发病到治疗的延迟时间与渐进性SSNHL患者的预后显著相关，而仅从发病到治疗的延迟时间与ALFHL患者的预后显著相关。大多数渐进性SSNHL和ALFHL患者在发病后10天内完全恢复。
听力图形态在SSNHL预后中起关键作用。渐进性SSNHL和ALFHL可能具有共同的病理机制。
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